{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/901831",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/901831",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/901831",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "901831",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 191,
    "current_lane_count": 137,
    "active_market_count": 137,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 112457238.56956847,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 110771591.59846587,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 106826858.04730467,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 112314634.13382891,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 111972330.72472063,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.769249908928964,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.203624514216207,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.453826422098627,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 120751265.43709062,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 360162930.0488185,
    "historical_peak_year": 2009,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.3154234868303374,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 18138534.195729412,
    "top_market_share_pct": 16.129272269573402,
    "destination_hhi": 793.1332245899696,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.466388632886064,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.06321705538694268,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8170698691019056,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 78.0068496888628,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 12.041884816753926,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 901831,
      "hs_description": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: syringes, with or without needles",
      "hs_chapter": 90,
      "hs_heading": 9018,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.0822215,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: syringes, with or without needles",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9018,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 901831,
      "num_markets": 165,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JOR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 171800000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MRT",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 541.9847328244275,
      "median_price_across_markets": 16737.090680100755,
      "price_spread_pct": 1026459.5042167327,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 122.6973036809816,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 644036153
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 120408319.26131536,
        "active_destinations": 157,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -40.87153672412035
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 120230502.55867842,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.14767808713535543
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 133113575.05732296,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.715311193477687
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 144979328.87460366,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.914007314558955
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 157426462.10998824,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.585453755376692
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 114765578.82472375,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.09892778728576
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 116877043.10382561,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8398062387038598
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 115579839.40873893,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1098875028300812
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 111593907.84443012,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.4486391265979153
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 99333767.39634347,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.986388670229347
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 108704038.67919393,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.433117789102786
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 132388557.84803656,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.788076557799386
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 104544603.91798468,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.03199429214481
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 105164378.62546337,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5928328046131399
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 110771591.5984659,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.331855754097393
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "901831",
    "hs_description": "Medical, surgical instruments and appliances: syringes, with or without needles",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9018
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 901831,
    "num_markets": 165,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "JOR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 171800000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MRT",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 541.9847328244275,
    "median_price_across_markets": 16737.090680100755,
    "price_spread_pct": 1026459.5042167327,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 122.6973036809816,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 644036153
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 120408319.26131536,
      "active_destinations": 157,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.87153672412035
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 120230502.55867842,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.14767808713535543
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 133113575.05732296,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.715311193477687
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 144979328.87460366,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.914007314558955
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 157426462.10998824,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.585453755376692
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 114765578.82472375,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.09892778728576
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 116877043.10382561,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8398062387038598
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 115579839.40873893,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1098875028300812
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 111593907.84443012,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.4486391265979153
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 99333767.39634347,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.986388670229347
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 108704038.67919393,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.433117789102786
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 132388557.84803656,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.788076557799386
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 104544603.91798468,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.03199429214481
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 105164378.62546337,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5928328046131399
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 110771591.5984659,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.331855754097393
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}