{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/900140",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/900140",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/900140",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "900140",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 134,
    "current_lane_count": 45,
    "active_market_count": 45,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1060449.880664276,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 961075.5613715597,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1690169.86537655,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1849552.6437603855,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2357601.788739839,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -25.834586288093185,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -18.88257206294974,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -10.41580316983336,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 8080476.44494819,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 58326288.143509544,
    "historical_peak_year": 1997,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -15.418783118259825,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 593712.9159505552,
    "top_market_share_pct": 55.98689073156836,
    "destination_hhi": 3465.5103454437126,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 15.79435522502781,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -15.413716759330407,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0408641022218028,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 91.43703244961804,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 38.059701492537314,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 900140,
      "hs_description": "Lenses, spectacle: unmounted, of glass, excluding elements of glass not optically worked",
      "hs_chapter": 90,
      "hs_heading": 9001,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.9959435,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Lenses, spectacle: unmounted, of glass, excluding elements of glass not optically worked",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9001,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 900140,
        "corridor_rank": 64,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 157471.93649454135,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 990242.5267729525,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 203986.63109704366,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 192872.41073870804,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 261042.8473124871,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.974983230903372,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -30.402357198887685,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.5469708827938753,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5230522.626702674,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37147261.03182968,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.4280123481094966,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.3285,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.394,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.4239126442178638,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.12402940137889251,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 70.2296858658826,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 29,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5260.62,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.5180955260462319,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.2184298438742,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 900140,
      "num_markets": 80,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "TTO",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3738000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 170.3829913326913,
      "median_price_across_markets": 160333.33333333334,
      "price_spread_pct": 2331.286663414969,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.4602660098522167,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 8879183
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 11951757.519046325,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -40.38067848437367
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 10169435.416821996,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.91263606531525
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 4147456.206387334,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -59.21645562027241
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 4354696.686229302,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.9968093580543345
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2886978.1060508993,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.704266586917875
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2610793.879207374,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.566550791107934
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1917764.9649529194,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.544757890456495
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 3417289.9276100188,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 78.1912794352207
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3645961.1986204814,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.691597021455846
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2736444.698205672,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.945863405209636
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1821373.092733433,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.44016438820289
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2355880.5299388426,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.34640021519399
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2338602.6624124167,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7333931965928046
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1770831.3723456746,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.278228157024763
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 961075.5613715597,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.72743761036365
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "900140",
    "hs_description": "Lenses, spectacle: unmounted, of glass, excluding elements of glass not optically worked",
    "hs_chapter": 90,
    "hs_heading": 9001
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 900140,
      "corridor_rank": 64,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 157471.93649454135,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 990242.5267729525,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 203986.63109704366,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 192872.41073870804,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 261042.8473124871,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.974983230903372,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -30.402357198887685,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.5469708827938753,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5230522.626702674,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37147261.03182968,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.4280123481094966,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.3285,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 13.394,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.4239126442178638,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.12402940137889251,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 70.2296858658826,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 29,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5260.62,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.5180955260462319,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.2184298438742,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 900140,
    "num_markets": 80,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "TTO",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3738000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 170.3829913326913,
    "median_price_across_markets": 160333.33333333334,
    "price_spread_pct": 2331.286663414969,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.4602660098522167,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 8879183
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 11951757.519046325,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -40.38067848437367
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 10169435.416821996,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.91263606531525
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 4147456.206387334,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.21645562027241
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 4354696.686229302,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.9968093580543345
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2886978.1060508993,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.704266586917875
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2610793.879207374,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.566550791107934
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1917764.9649529194,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.544757890456495
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 3417289.9276100188,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.1912794352207
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3645961.1986204814,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.691597021455846
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2736444.698205672,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.945863405209636
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1821373.092733433,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.44016438820289
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2355880.5299388426,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.34640021519399
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2338602.6624124167,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7333931965928046
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1770831.3723456746,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.278228157024763
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 961075.5613715597,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.72743761036365
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}