{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/870891",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/870891",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/870891",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "870891",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 175,
    "current_lane_count": 132,
    "active_market_count": 132,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 528688197.20204973,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 515365303.0883241,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 428149547.35019857,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 341647762.1359372,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 286895246.80458224,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.108410185524505,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 18.54529805626106,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.874556195614815,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 218402450.31638572,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 673534826.6856462,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 20.23385398990969,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 186603193.3810716,
    "top_market_share_pct": 35.29550959688951,
    "destination_hhi": 1767.3746010350264,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 17.682682453843587,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.868211206516574,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9648287125131089,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 71.21886685355065,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 16.571428571428573,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 870891,
      "hs_description": "Vehicles: parts, radiators",
      "hs_chapter": 87,
      "hs_heading": 8708,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.0785718,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vehicles: parts, radiators",
    "hs_chapter": 87,
    "hs_heading": 8708,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 8,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 186603193.3810716,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 38100579.17184755,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 147274104.42092052,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96175691.82674506,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 59371687.730346665,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 98.78702389504342,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 55.20474008276164,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.757409756771985,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 186603193.3810716,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1239930423.221725,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 78.02961413827143,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.7228,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.4674,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 79.3103,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 15.049489058927875,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.0529220376539143,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 28.865223967978455,
        "peer_top_exporter": "POL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 82,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1508.63,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0322672804040811,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 66.9512362898661,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 14,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 75226526.57546312,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 38969544.05661281,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 57668625.68539339,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 58635297.7020695,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 65065598.52178973,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.140322333088877,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.008991073234827,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.666809438760861,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 95824786.190072,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 248761112.03309238,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -6.526487105671984,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 9.5746,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.4433,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 30.24046884203341,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 7.842944958928182,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 30.24046884203341,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1502.23,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6010855836379071,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 59.780822367771414,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 15,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 72482583.57509474,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 67432506.48410292,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 64136042.21033341,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 58333382.37732468,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55680007.103837624,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.069461249002853,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.352269419641134,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.5531725587259126,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 105772477.6783109,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 329014958.37819636,
        "historical_peak_year": 1998,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 7.51628869027694,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.0045,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.6293,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 22.030178789554427,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.0912674644146563,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 22.030178789554427,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 89,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1271.79,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.24985835263540457,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 64.32704220849875,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 47,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 36454922.603225015,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 11841215.342570951,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 37365625.64723092,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 27797670.19185535,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 22664483.71868614,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 50.980982797596816,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.289629868009499,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 15.528574816982843,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 40362758.31358208,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 319943433.63722193,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 35.45240798061397,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 4.6322,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.4127,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.394177460932232,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.8057967542568356,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 18.65194986503199,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 60,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1053.13,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8533752183107625,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 63.57893953824528,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 55,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 31175281.492780086,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 12777297.927996349,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 21598042.353411436,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18846983.059216503,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 15040626.803841531,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 29.00069343607472,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.546794540756132,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.930460736339928,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 31175281.492780086,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 70434996.74705133,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 9.070232699734792,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 28.2317,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.1346,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 44.26106755529196,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 8.061944551992774,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 44.261067555291966,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2349.58,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5389234016977213,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 83.35125298077693,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 69,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 24839493.631420266,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 5572439.326285642,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17851103.886014033,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 12729804.77139008,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11047985.646694375,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 60.64916552448156,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 32.67288020764902,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.314905097239242,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 24839493.631420266,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 285729107.61441195,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 55.33426042724232,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.3401,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.8728,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.693371787987687,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9631229977712925,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 22.478884845526025,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 74,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1198.04,
        "distance_km": 2293.0048828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08183472355387879,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04607734616949498,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1201576971123004,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 77.92843300624598,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870891,
        "corridor_rank": 97,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 17293748.65674569,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4455405.031025262,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16396894.514259746,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14730960.023217201,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12013024.813548936,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.10072960939654,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.384517977359372,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 16.40596117003774,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 17293748.65674569,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 538658884.8605924,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.305231560641202,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 15.1956,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 15.5317,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.2105195222429868,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.38870556062256956,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 36.989241927460064,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 70,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2661.48,
        "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3079289305735493,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.4133091235451,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 870891,
      "num_markets": 147,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MOZ",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2000000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 130,
      "median_price_across_markets": 20743.119266055044,
      "price_spread_pct": 9641.124723573641,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 146.78718104906937,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1360012185
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 206098278.96783715,
        "active_destinations": 119,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.612582622659264
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 217262584.02427208,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.416981215149877
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 179506013.7053911,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.378312279790844
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 172340821.93276045,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.991616561877598
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 183567685.30149305,
        "active_destinations": 127,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.514337835241851
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 202839961.64748067,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.498730380750116
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 227161427.9679682,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.9904707745687
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 248715411.00868174,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.488399167728799
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 261859619.50545156,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.2848387815867985
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 220137237.23655355,
        "active_destinations": 135,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.933110400028442
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 195112622.74792412,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.367733511499763
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 228677545.88116646,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.202845546598265
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 310974765.6842261,
        "active_destinations": 126,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.988325607546024
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 458108573.27804554,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 47.313744981875445
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 515365303.08832407,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.498506500450713
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
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    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}