{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/870850",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/870850",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/870850",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "870850",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 170,
    "current_lane_count": 134,
    "active_market_count": 134,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 575633065.7370001,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 572999503.5935893,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 590217239.1234127,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 530140740.46166146,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 487899803.00892943,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.7554668118334975,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.426778449030966,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.517590969746088,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 342690036.4853171,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1033215264.4282122,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.23787584208740942,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 110856858.32717408,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.258250598450378,
    "destination_hhi": 859.0028981320405,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.227583489423674,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.23433404468947056,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8890149640893116,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 78.02462276714841,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 19.41176470588235,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 870850,
      "hs_description": "Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereof",
      "hs_chapter": 87,
      "hs_heading": 8708,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.1125526,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 87,
    "hs_heading": 8708,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 870850,
        "corridor_rank": 59,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 110856858.32717408,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 85762662.27878265,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 111192525.50045045,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 95266327.91789114,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 88223138.48874487,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 10.661316918201047,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.102945775944992,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.97795912281451,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 278729519.1523191,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2825767333.9020996,
        "historical_peak_year": 2007,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.683357795386538,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.3321,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.718,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.9230709831333477,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.3282008087954851,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 19.31194576746904,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 77,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 907.74,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7248788170934718,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 78.13293525942922,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 870850,
        "corridor_rank": 72,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 81578323.09770767,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 34809226.09213934,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 77792140.55254917,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 68076456.28578241,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 64495695.75426817,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.658188429081104,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.268120891428858,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.37857359863084,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 84879732.57050961,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 992920655.8729488,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.720385169549736,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.5156,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.3056,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.215996174033284,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3954607883058614,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 25.676569770310277,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 79,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1364.02,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6965327218092661,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 60.69710402475369,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 870850,
      "num_markets": 151,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NCL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 533909.0909090909,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 22.690058479532162,
      "median_price_across_markets": 10764.249606025256,
      "price_spread_pct": 4959.81067321005,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 762.5401283333331,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 2768267483
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 375935361.33660275,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.272442961174823
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 479429923.75142956,
        "active_destinations": 115,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.529882277331307
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 427411432.3384892,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.850071894951316
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 401336890.31237704,
        "active_destinations": 117,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.100571967261363
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 368349712.08620566,
        "active_destinations": 119,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.219323720900935
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 349898972.6657097,
        "active_destinations": 127,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.009027783949488
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 421974316.8216392,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.598901336240743
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 473238810.974749,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.148723775238295
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 521763895.98278415,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.253826161908837
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 461418331.33610475,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.565684232139843
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 381599051.4732095,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.29867984043173
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 498452933.46485984,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.62216259199852
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 544098693.6881309,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.157486526556669
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 653553520.0885178,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.116722879530524
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 572999503.5935893,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.325542441270636
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "870850",
    "hs_description": "Vehicle parts: drive-axles with differential, whether or not provided with other transmission components, and non-driving axles: parts thereof",
    "hs_chapter": 87,
    "hs_heading": 8708
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 870850,
      "corridor_rank": 59,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 110856858.32717408,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 85762662.27878265,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 111192525.50045045,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 95266327.91789114,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 88223138.48874487,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 10.661316918201047,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.102945775944992,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.97795912281451,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 278729519.1523191,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2825767333.9020996,
      "historical_peak_year": 2007,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 8.683357795386538,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.3321,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.718,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.9230709831333477,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.3282008087954851,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 19.31194576746904,
      "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
      "supplier_count_latest": 77,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 907.74,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7248788170934718,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 78.13293525942922,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 870850,
      "corridor_rank": 72,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 81578323.09770767,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 34809226.09213934,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 77792140.55254917,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 68076456.28578241,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 64495695.75426817,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.658188429081104,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.268120891428858,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.37857359863084,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 84879732.57050961,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 992920655.8729488,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.720385169549736,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.5156,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.3056,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 8.215996174033284,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3954607883058614,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 25.676569770310277,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 79,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1364.02,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6965327218092661,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 60.69710402475369,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 870850,
    "num_markets": 151,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NCL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 533909.0909090909,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 22.690058479532162,
    "median_price_across_markets": 10764.249606025256,
    "price_spread_pct": 4959.81067321005,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 762.5401283333331,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 2768267483
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 375935361.33660275,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.272442961174823
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 479429923.75142956,
      "active_destinations": 115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.529882277331307
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 427411432.3384892,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.850071894951316
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 401336890.31237704,
      "active_destinations": 117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.100571967261363
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 368349712.08620566,
      "active_destinations": 119,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.219323720900935
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 349898972.6657097,
      "active_destinations": 127,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.009027783949488
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 421974316.8216392,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.598901336240743
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 473238810.974749,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.148723775238295
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 521763895.98278415,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.253826161908837
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 461418331.33610475,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.565684232139843
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 381599051.4732095,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.29867984043173
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 498452933.46485984,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.62216259199852
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 544098693.6881309,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.157486526556669
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 653553520.0885178,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.116722879530524
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 572999503.5935893,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.325542441270636
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}