{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/860400",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/860400",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/860400",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "860400",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 79,
    "current_lane_count": 20,
    "active_market_count": 20,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 65585295.81672974,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 13831153.19546818,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 14236727.13460651,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 48155192.84403883,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 32433492.279277105,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -57.024445252780296,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.1939442609443027,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.598205646725706,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 45808796.27160781,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 267139887.93878874,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -61.622650899506,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "LUX",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 17091431.471890356,
    "top_market_share_pct": 26.05985268351967,
    "destination_hhi": 1511.4970171105297,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 58.63176956696715,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 47.91258422614877,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.6929272825986008,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 86.95974505568404,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 65.82278481012658,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 80,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "hs_description": "Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles: whether or not self-propelled (eg workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)",
      "hs_chapter": 86,
      "hs_heading": 8604,
      "substitution_elasticity": -17.769537,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles: whether or not self-propelled (eg workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8604,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 51,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "NGA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 4,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5681769.7827406395,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1470962.934827211,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2908383.48285339,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1939032.3656120244,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1939032.3656120244,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2481.8581921500377,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 143.22064267626385,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 55.95532779493744,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5681769.7827406395,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15661407.562344179,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 2425.9028643551,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 67.9136,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 719.3991,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 59.2593,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 36.278793972527204,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 34.8314230952693,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 40.266664706949584,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 5,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3335.19,
        "distance_km": 3847.71142578125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.2720347591656565,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.6530509510825973,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.5054559247655,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','buyer_macro_weakness','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 65,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2021,
        "lane_data_years": 11,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4479923.059955822,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 579018.5106843424,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4479923.059955822,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2267358.2522998303,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1009377.7107458168,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 334.0242386070855,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 74.20570972719483,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 116.79397832785807,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4479923.059955822,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 45677217.91319164,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 217.23026027922745,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 54.5431,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 29.8064,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 33.83231127867678,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 33.7491232997214,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.17424874642947,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 21,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2085.39,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.1480462825070767,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.61514306104749,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 860400,
        "corridor_rank": 79,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 7,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3544509.427824398,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1512755.533295864,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3267260.8008712963,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3267260.8008712963,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1968715.7945028231,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3342.8720837814717,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 735.8965492038465,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 17.73773614140788,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6108527.100415802,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 57008893.049424365,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3325.134347640064,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 113.5403,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 112.8434,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.217467553266565,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.660304608878177,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 77.60122374931198,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 13,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6147.52,
        "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4646690182930795,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98745721009628,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "num_markets": 37,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3545791.3669064743,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 20.161891972545508,
      "median_price_across_markets": 17196.33507853403,
      "price_spread_pct": 20619.34237046034,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 110.18578205128205,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 105425178
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1068304.1337223598,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.37683422292851
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 5906876.346126182,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 452.92085462072293
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 4883412.166582936,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.32665658752868
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 10561459.452167135,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 116.27212882907835
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 8822995.29659141,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.460453817478836
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 10093944.495585838,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.404962898319054
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 7678684.215022394,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.927814162438246
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 14120232.045290671,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 83.88869303501487
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 39257217.8243734,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 178.02105304258316
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 12408879.992304638,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -68.39083185207177
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 23807304.5150288,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 91.85699700370131
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 174258478.30134577,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 631.9538345525084
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 15997634.362737076,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.81959482334494
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 12881393.84561428,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.479383304205175
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 13831153.19546818,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.373110093806062
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "860400",
    "hs_description": "Railway or tramway maintenance or service vehicles: whether or not self-propelled (eg workshops, cranes, ballast tampers, trackliners, testing coaches and track inspection vehicles)",
    "hs_chapter": 86,
    "hs_heading": 8604
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "corridor_rank": 51,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "NGA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 4,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5681769.7827406395,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1470962.934827211,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2908383.48285339,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1939032.3656120244,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1939032.3656120244,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2481.8581921500377,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 143.22064267626385,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 55.95532779493744,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5681769.7827406395,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15661407.562344179,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 66.66666666666667,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 2425.9028643551,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 67.9136,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 719.3991,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 59.2593,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 36.278793972527204,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 34.8314230952693,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 40.266664706949584,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 5,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3335.19,
      "distance_km": 3847.71142578125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.2720347591656565,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.6530509510825973,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.5054559247655,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','buyer_macro_weakness','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "corridor_rank": 65,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2021,
      "lane_data_years": 11,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4479923.059955822,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 579018.5106843424,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4479923.059955822,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2267358.2522998303,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1009377.7107458168,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 334.0242386070855,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 74.20570972719483,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 116.79397832785807,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4479923.059955822,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 45677217.91319164,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 217.23026027922745,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 54.5431,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 29.8064,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 33.83231127867678,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 33.7491232997214,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.17424874642947,
      "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
      "supplier_count_latest": 21,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2085.39,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 2.1480462825070767,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.61514306104749,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 860400,
      "corridor_rank": 79,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 7,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3544509.427824398,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1512755.533295864,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3267260.8008712963,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3267260.8008712963,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1968715.7945028231,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3342.8720837814717,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 735.8965492038465,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 17.73773614140788,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 6108527.100415802,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 57008893.049424365,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3325.134347640064,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 113.5403,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 112.8434,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.217467553266565,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.660304608878177,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 77.60122374931198,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 13,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6147.52,
      "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
      "volatility_cv": 1.4646690182930795,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98745721009628,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
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  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 860400,
    "num_markets": 37,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUT",
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    "total_trade_value_usd": 105425178
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}