{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/853921",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/853921",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/853921",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "853921",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 168,
    "current_lane_count": 104,
    "active_market_count": 104,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 7665922.420369764,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 7524960.95405435,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7027787.7480315035,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6644887.154415235,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7250706.39464177,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.291707070155624,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.438993358802044,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.251913517624073,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 11289349.67368622,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 39721027.20586466,
    "historical_peak_year": 2007,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.543620587779698,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "POL",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 2919527.6985619785,
    "top_market_share_pct": 38.084493143372505,
    "destination_hhi": 2016.2685776553342,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.130259904502376,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5012212845450067,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.2211558859484037,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 92.60438354680703,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 19.047619047619047,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 853921,
      "hs_description": "Lamps: filament, (excluding ultra-violet or infra-red), tungsten halogen",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8539,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.2482758,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Lamps: filament, (excluding ultra-violet or infra-red), tungsten halogen",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8539,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 853921,
        "corridor_rank": 76,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2919527.6985619785,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 363582.6685588376,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1971217.6399251593,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1548149.2031111077,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 917835.0222828978,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 33.947787637961646,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 46.66424116685817,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 35.659039654352775,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2919527.6985619785,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 71878565.17146994,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.7112520163911284,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 28.7089,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.5981,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.061750108112617,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0221438161040766,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 48.50286912824423,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 54,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2951.09,
        "distance_km": 2293.0048828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08183472355387879,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04607734616949498,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7508721797156954,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 93.01723679814685,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 853921,
      "num_markets": 138,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KAZ",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2052750,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 167.74193548387098,
      "median_price_across_markets": 48617.51793553914,
      "price_spread_pct": 4221.898495077409,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2.8204880478087646,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 34116623
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 15432039.118812881,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5285863913046778
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 14568098.425270673,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.598357332369617
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 12611835.512472935,
        "active_destinations": 115,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.428402634926535
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 12964843.108895766,
        "active_destinations": 117,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.799018398818402
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 11619922.109317448,
        "active_destinations": 122,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.373600268679738
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 9634141.901437413,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.089445085761245
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 6477120.159704367,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.769101535259914
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 7424033.508988618,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.619357460360453
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 9076535.367515877,
        "active_destinations": 117,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.258814652796207
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 6670797.236695255,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.505026790624836
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5110624.988563757,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.388092798701443
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 7030447.539417911,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.565318432681224
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 7161604.375971412,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8655545869326002
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 6396797.914068744,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.679261541851494
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 7524960.954054349,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.636371433657295
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "853921",
    "hs_description": "Lamps: filament, (excluding ultra-violet or infra-red), tungsten halogen",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8539
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 853921,
      "corridor_rank": 76,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "POL",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2919527.6985619785,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 363582.6685588376,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1971217.6399251593,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1548149.2031111077,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 917835.0222828978,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 33.947787637961646,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 46.66424116685817,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 35.659039654352775,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2919527.6985619785,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 71878565.17146994,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.7112520163911284,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 28.7089,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.5981,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.061750108112617,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0221438161040766,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 48.50286912824423,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 54,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2951.09,
      "distance_km": 2293.0048828125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08183472355387879,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04607734616949498,
      "volatility_cv": 1.7508721797156954,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 93.01723679814685,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 853921,
    "num_markets": 138,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KAZ",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2052750,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 167.74193548387098,
    "median_price_across_markets": 48617.51793553914,
    "price_spread_pct": 4221.898495077409,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2.8204880478087646,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 34116623
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 15432039.118812881,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.5285863913046778
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 14568098.425270673,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.598357332369617
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 12611835.512472935,
      "active_destinations": 115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.428402634926535
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 12964843.108895766,
      "active_destinations": 117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.799018398818402
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 11619922.109317448,
      "active_destinations": 122,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.373600268679738
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 9634141.901437413,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.089445085761245
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 6477120.159704367,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.769101535259914
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 7424033.508988618,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.619357460360453
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 9076535.367515877,
      "active_destinations": 117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.258814652796207
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 6670797.236695255,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.505026790624836
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 5110624.988563757,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.388092798701443
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 7030447.539417911,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.565318432681224
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 7161604.375971412,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8655545869326002
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 6396797.914068744,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.679261541851494
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 7524960.954054349,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.636371433657295
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}