{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/853540",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/853540",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/853540",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "853540",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 173,
    "current_lane_count": 123,
    "active_market_count": 123,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 14284329.974699054,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 13680873.506317152,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13551623.011948608,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13184189.973928526,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 12373334.283151083,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.7698029540481599,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.0540471566523175,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.1754108775977814,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 10893095.518383019,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 50450735.94800055,
    "historical_peak_year": 2006,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.5943920764503785,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "MEX",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1314078.577280694,
    "top_market_share_pct": 9.199441483137393,
    "destination_hhi": 356.6425136749997,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 11.42172554851663,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6337594474160934,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1229004904163902,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.82957349145994,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 15.028901734104046,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 853540,
      "hs_description": "Electrical apparatus: lightning arresters, voltage limiters and surge suppressors (for a voltage exceeding 1000 volts)",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8535,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.6865344,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Electrical apparatus: lightning arresters, voltage limiters and surge suppressors (for a voltage exceeding 1000 volts)",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8535,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 853540,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1314078.577280694,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 376180.3763563708,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 917370.8461627187,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 779582.3136795685,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 668926.428695911,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.062100863386235,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.047782329721636,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.800228701692927,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1314078.577280694,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 26780309.740755375,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 64.28571428571429,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 25.261872161693308,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 41.5958,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0478,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.906883415470267,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2620474515180713,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.079609700116826,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 88,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3475.84,
        "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7993853874687118,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 77.04303764067039,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 853540,
      "num_markets": 152,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4594500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 243.06326304106548,
      "median_price_across_markets": 49333.333333333336,
      "price_spread_pct": 9312.682979872214,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 3.1223106960950755,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 63471950
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 11182954.050355846,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.71017084438046
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 11262864.403723517,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7145728490687002
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 11888815.76645571,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.557656918299151
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 11913008.194241222,
        "active_destinations": 122,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.20348896190124327
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 13443195.156752966,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.844673130095222
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 10982758.704992395,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.302467702587894
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 11771642.90401223,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.182932997164309
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 10668145.459330318,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.374200811900234
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 12619517.856612096,
        "active_destinations": 122,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.291580338128163
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 11770328.03692117,
        "active_destinations": 117,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.7291780029930885
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 11896351.986080755,
        "active_destinations": 120,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.070691902250073
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 13369728.847716048,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.385114893701937
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 13290131.198252141,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5953572459886093
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 13683864.331276525,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.962597788922997
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 13680873.506317155,
        "active_destinations": 123,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.021856581496013498
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "853540",
    "hs_description": "Electrical apparatus: lightning arresters, voltage limiters and surge suppressors (for a voltage exceeding 1000 volts)",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8535
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 853540,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1314078.577280694,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 376180.3763563708,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 917370.8461627187,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 779582.3136795685,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 668926.428695911,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.062100863386235,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 14.047782329721636,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.800228701692927,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1314078.577280694,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 26780309.740755375,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 64.28571428571429,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 25.261872161693308,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 41.5958,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0478,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.906883415470267,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2620474515180713,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 47.079609700116826,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 88,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3475.84,
      "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7993853874687118,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 77.04303764067039,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 853540,
    "num_markets": 152,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZAF",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4594500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 243.06326304106548,
    "median_price_across_markets": 49333.333333333336,
    "price_spread_pct": 9312.682979872214,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 3.1223106960950755,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 63471950
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 11182954.050355846,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.71017084438046
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 11262864.403723517,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.7145728490687002
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 11888815.76645571,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.557656918299151
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 11913008.194241222,
      "active_destinations": 122,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.20348896190124327
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 13443195.156752966,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.844673130095222
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 10982758.704992395,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.302467702587894
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 11771642.90401223,
      "active_destinations": 124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.182932997164309
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 10668145.459330318,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.374200811900234
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 12619517.856612096,
      "active_destinations": 122,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.291580338128163
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 11770328.03692117,
      "active_destinations": 117,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.7291780029930885
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 11896351.986080755,
      "active_destinations": 120,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.070691902250073
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 13369728.847716048,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.385114893701937
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 13290131.198252141,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5953572459886093
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 13683864.331276525,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.962597788922997
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 13680873.506317155,
      "active_destinations": 123,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.021856581496013498
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}