{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/850431",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/850431",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/850431",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "850431",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 186,
    "current_lane_count": 138,
    "active_market_count": 138,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 103865151.09850308,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 101467321.56752169,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 89396273.52051093,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 85334411.66661403,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 82765722.55072026,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.492672618412331,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.317315905818653,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.750224309762749,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 75864280.92189121,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 278693866.2262728,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.742448308649582,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "GBR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 11236506.863058072,
    "top_market_share_pct": 10.818360869086545,
    "destination_hhi": 453.26290345372803,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 10.19852200403542,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6288071276218754,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.707357503861205,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 77.76393866475021,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 11.827956989247312,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 850431,
      "hs_description": "Electrical transformers: n.e.c. in item no. 8504.2, having a power handling capacity not exceeding 1kVA",
      "hs_chapter": 85,
      "hs_heading": 8504,
      "substitution_elasticity": -8.5348253,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Electrical transformers: n.e.c. in item no. 8504.2, having a power handling capacity not exceeding 1kVA",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8504,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 850431,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11236506.863058072,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3030931.936534743,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7057562.587998729,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5154797.524657983,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4229197.759082733,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 66.79601004832026,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 37.61169047730313,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.63379394309898,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11236506.863058072,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 99866168.36715885,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 56.162216105221276,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -5.6698,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.3873,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.251565016239498,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.803825799748368,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.382128027074568,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 80,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1284.3,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8331146983999933,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 80.33342610167993,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 850431,
        "corridor_rank": 84,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10184042.526785413,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6943949.397343248,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9538208.474247746,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10763276.88589175,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9769512.929157794,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.120395350297196,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.055164170376054145,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.18591063758757187,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 14504870.701887215,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 137344298.60368428,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.306305987884768,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.6528,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 0.3241,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.41497290409711,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2515626734014145,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 20.12760999998443,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 82,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1014.41,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.37768509813790685,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 42.35862749365861,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 850431,
      "num_markets": 174,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GIN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2200000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 141.60401002506265,
      "median_price_across_markets": 24339.096844882715,
      "price_spread_pct": 9038.373157434946,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 34.05052941176471,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 402350470
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 58523362.64831367,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.13142909141684
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 94736194.47277388,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 61.87756510519593
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 87751727.54471873,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.372543268098456
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 90440003.68455909,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.063502240990532
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 85304598.53080687,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.678245184137465
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 81892146.61009407,
        "active_destinations": 149,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.000314144237403
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 76715271.25236546,
        "active_destinations": 147,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.321577308721459
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 70570692.49326974,
        "active_destinations": 152,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.009590083938145
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 89669046.9667452,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.06272788140324
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 82138009.85165805,
        "active_destinations": 151,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.398703197860598
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 72054273.03315899,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276577965195862
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 86428964.73837838,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.94981157967444
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      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 78270071.81156142,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.439998444403484
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 88451427.18244962,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.007980106879494
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      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 101467321.56752169,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.71530171946695
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "850431",
    "hs_description": "Electrical transformers: n.e.c. in item no. 8504.2, having a power handling capacity not exceeding 1kVA",
    "hs_chapter": 85,
    "hs_heading": 8504
  },
  "destinations": [
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      "hs_code": 850431,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11236506.863058072,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3030931.936534743,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7057562.587998729,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5154797.524657983,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4229197.759082733,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 66.79601004832026,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 37.61169047730313,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.63379394309898,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11236506.863058072,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 99866168.36715885,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 56.162216105221276,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -5.6698,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.3873,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.251565016239498,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 5.803825799748368,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.382128027074568,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 80,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1284.3,
      "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8331146983999933,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 80.33342610167993,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 850431,
      "corridor_rank": 84,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10184042.526785413,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6943949.397343248,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9538208.474247746,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 10763276.88589175,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9769512.929157794,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -11.120395350297196,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.055164170376054145,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.18591063758757187,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 14504870.701887215,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 137344298.60368428,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.306305987884768,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.6528,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 0.3241,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.41497290409711,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2515626734014145,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 20.12760999998443,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 82,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1014.41,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.37768509813790685,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 42.35862749365861,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 850431,
    "num_markets": 174,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GIN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2200000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 141.60401002506265,
    "median_price_across_markets": 24339.096844882715,
    "price_spread_pct": 9038.373157434946,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 34.05052941176471,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 402350470
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 58523362.64831367,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.13142909141684
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 94736194.47277388,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 61.87756510519593
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      "year": 2012,
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      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.372543268098456
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      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 90440003.68455909,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.063502240990532
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 85304598.53080687,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.678245184137465
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 81892146.61009407,
      "active_destinations": 149,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.000314144237403
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 76715271.25236546,
      "active_destinations": 147,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.321577308721459
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 70570692.49326974,
      "active_destinations": 152,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.009590083938145
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 89669046.9667452,
      "active_destinations": 146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.06272788140324
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 82138009.85165805,
      "active_destinations": 151,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.398703197860598
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 72054273.03315899,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276577965195862
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 86428964.73837838,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.94981157967444
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 78270071.81156142,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.439998444403484
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 88451427.18244962,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.007980106879494
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 101467321.56752169,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.71530171946695
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}