{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/848180",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/848180",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/848180",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "848180",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 193,
    "current_lane_count": 172,
    "active_market_count": 172,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1275520855.7132697,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1275225271.6832552,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1219325956.8136485,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1158728478.8468728,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1069380205.1330802,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.3644087671121037,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.537017291117107,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.5486653025562402,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 760555804.8585317,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1786507117.3410666,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.8157434645558634,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 148472782.17368904,
    "top_market_share_pct": 11.640168916772689,
    "destination_hhi": 409.6479482008193,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.777778860075441,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.0941564841195971,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.5952072176729414,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 58.65883502165057,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 6.217616580310881,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 848180,
      "hs_description": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valves",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8481,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.3726273,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valves",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 848180,
        "corridor_rank": 83,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 148472782.17368904,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 102370866.911519,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 151657637.75732127,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 145825257.44483894,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 134167578.01421633,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.7370907245576652,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.293264815682262,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.9498931691166232,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 154008537.36556864,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2346712061.0067663,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.6869838936742885,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 0.7681,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.6441,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.32684276186796,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.2211621051498467,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 23.25161327762342,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 132,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1278.26,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.3409470085911896,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 28.39648831517704,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 848180,
      "num_markets": 195,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BWA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5653250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 258.510545199965,
      "median_price_across_markets": 19486.990923900397,
      "price_spread_pct": 29009.05281646907,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 351.2484143019294,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 5359102186
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 766754882.7754604,
        "active_destinations": 159,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.58734553736201
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 781239725.9396147,
        "active_destinations": 161,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8891099997593486
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 829383918.8613123,
        "active_destinations": 168,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.162537736261877
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 969634800.0872489,
        "active_destinations": 168,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.91024844302402
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1093565282.3270764,
        "active_destinations": 168,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.781150411337968
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 891263328.053951,
        "active_destinations": 170,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.499302926171218
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 962400635.7557813,
        "active_destinations": 175,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.981626244754916
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 961786870.893611,
        "active_destinations": 175,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.06377436167094215
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1063213484.824606,
        "active_destinations": 170,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.54564342688084
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1021495337.5684884,
        "active_destinations": 174,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.9237789824495746
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 980952106.256237,
        "active_destinations": 170,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.969007965201116
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1154712417.5371811,
        "active_destinations": 174,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.71343475106987
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1148643841.059259,
        "active_destinations": 177,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5255487328061748
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1234108757.698431,
        "active_destinations": 175,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.440506237369266
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1275225271.6832547,
        "active_destinations": 172,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.33167670420754
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "848180",
    "hs_description": "Taps, cocks, valves and similar appliances: for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like, including thermostatically controlled valves",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 848180,
      "corridor_rank": 83,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 148472782.17368904,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 102370866.911519,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 151657637.75732127,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 145825257.44483894,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 134167578.01421633,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.7370907245576652,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.293264815682262,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.9498931691166232,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 154008537.36556864,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2346712061.0067663,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.6869838936742885,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 0.7681,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.6441,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.32684276186796,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.2211621051498467,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 23.25161327762342,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 132,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1278.26,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.3409470085911896,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 28.39648831517704,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 848180,
    "num_markets": 195,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BWA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 5653250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 258.510545199965,
    "median_price_across_markets": 19486.990923900397,
    "price_spread_pct": 29009.05281646907,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 351.2484143019294,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 5359102186
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 766754882.7754604,
      "active_destinations": 159,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.58734553736201
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 781239725.9396147,
      "active_destinations": 161,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.8891099997593486
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 829383918.8613123,
      "active_destinations": 168,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.162537736261877
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 969634800.0872489,
      "active_destinations": 168,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.91024844302402
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1093565282.3270764,
      "active_destinations": 168,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.781150411337968
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 891263328.053951,
      "active_destinations": 170,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.499302926171218
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 962400635.7557813,
      "active_destinations": 175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.981626244754916
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 961786870.893611,
      "active_destinations": 175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.06377436167094215
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1063213484.824606,
      "active_destinations": 170,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.54564342688084
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1021495337.5684884,
      "active_destinations": 174,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.9237789824495746
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 980952106.256237,
      "active_destinations": 170,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.969007965201116
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1154712417.5371811,
      "active_destinations": 174,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.71343475106987
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1148643841.059259,
      "active_destinations": 177,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.5255487328061748
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1234108757.698431,
      "active_destinations": 175,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.440506237369266
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1275225271.6832547,
      "active_destinations": 172,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.33167670420754
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}