{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/848140",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/848140",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/848140",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "848140",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 182,
    "current_lane_count": 146,
    "active_market_count": 146,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 43954687.90745494,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 42929478.19241805,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 44850741.35742166,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 44759819.276422404,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 46623051.94786832,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.349461598058014,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.036470862349571,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.625332688551685,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 40664627.49621159,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 172775377.65891418,
    "historical_peak_year": 2012,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.7241289095063288,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 6280161.210044306,
    "top_market_share_pct": 14.287807533219132,
    "destination_hhi": 652.3404534844652,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.089498049716599,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.3402319527946378,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9160355720596066,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.6285555213207,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 14.285714285714286,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 848140,
      "hs_description": "Valves: safety or relief valves, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8481,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.2760973,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Valves: safety or relief valves, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 848140,
      "num_markets": 161,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "QAT",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1643162.893081761,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SDN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 169.09620991253644,
      "median_price_across_markets": 35807.52279635258,
      "price_spread_pct": 4588.403968115903,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 11.767352760736197,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 234524019
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 35871163.6363792,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.52981536056004
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 51370506.486435935,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 43.20836370732585
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 69980680.87969793,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.22735235864552
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 50297712.75090697,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -28.12628840040507
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 56013890.86020576,
        "active_destinations": 134,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.36468796823315
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 52174294.94074281,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.854720963850652
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 50405965.46344217,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3892733563702815
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 47316277.8448273,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.129607061798506
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 44953892.14523172,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.992754728812308
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 47580992.702327155,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.843989100227657
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 40190734.54310402,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.531954546340684
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 49056137.766743064,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.058325941097234
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 45250977.14784449,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.75674725350724
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 46371768.73200241,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.476833992989922
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 42929478.192418054,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.423246155389229
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "848140",
    "hs_description": "Valves: safety or relief valves, for pipes, boiler shells, tanks, vats or the like",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8481
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 848140,
    "num_markets": 161,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "QAT",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1643162.893081761,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SDN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 169.09620991253644,
    "median_price_across_markets": 35807.52279635258,
    "price_spread_pct": 4588.403968115903,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 11.767352760736197,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 234524019
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 35871163.6363792,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.52981536056004
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 51370506.486435935,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 43.20836370732585
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 69980680.87969793,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.22735235864552
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 50297712.75090697,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.12628840040507
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 56013890.86020576,
      "active_destinations": 134,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.36468796823315
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 52174294.94074281,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.854720963850652
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 50405965.46344217,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3892733563702815
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 47316277.8448273,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.129607061798506
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 44953892.14523172,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.992754728812308
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 47580992.702327155,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.843989100227657
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 40190734.54310402,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.531954546340684
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 49056137.766743064,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.058325941097234
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 45250977.14784449,
      "active_destinations": 146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.75674725350724
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 46371768.73200241,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.476833992989922
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 42929478.192418054,
      "active_destinations": 146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.423246155389229
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}