{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/845522",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/845522",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/845522",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "845522",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 83,
    "current_lane_count": 10,
    "active_market_count": 10,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 24270198.47065474,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3916180.6890899837,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2233343.6010033307,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2146208.225428529,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2341667.3365973746,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 121.39773895440888,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 37.965159551685026,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.638318606703123,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 27589672.14678429,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 92925018.72865315,
    "historical_peak_year": 2005,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 110.75942034770576,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "IRN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 7866773.756045085,
    "top_market_share_pct": 32.41330624286758,
    "destination_hhi": 1657.613723289855,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 27.918236991228635,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 24.80974358103783,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7725721221011003,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 56.94532149343503,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 63.855421686746986,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 75,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 845522,
      "hs_description": "Metal-rolling mills: cold",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8455,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.7071342,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Metal-rolling mills: cold",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8455,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 845522,
        "corridor_rank": 33,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 19,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3476868.639965924,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 655682.5175441332,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1700463.8801812276,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1459628.8864520094,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 986031.2628772091,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 67.70625554406107,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 235.07309738954007,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 26.300987047279236,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3598385.66290277,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 154560725.90907115,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 41.40526849678183,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 47.2904,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 34.7137,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.249516246456673,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9406224372164005,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 39.71242215521732,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 34,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2166.37,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.627006545805597,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.77123858520052,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 845522,
        "corridor_rank": 51,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "IDN",
        "latest_data_year": 1996,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17426469.83411086,
        "historical_peak_year": 1996,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 120.8383,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 51.4222,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 22.90956424129717,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 22.90956424129717,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 90.12049116428639,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 9,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8145.73,
        "distance_km": 12188.310546875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.17946165427272728,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 845522,
      "num_markets": 33,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 593500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 416.6666666666667,
      "median_price_across_markets": 10789.473684210527,
      "price_spread_pct": 5496.869918699187,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 26.854058823529414,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7486678
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 952716.9931308454,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -74.05318992083278
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 4302573.541105477,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 351.61087417641613
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3074326.813476002,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -28.546792190654735
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 18447240.994678,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 500.0416388334636
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1424974.3621162314,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -92.27540659046339
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 8520040.804809855,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 497.90835760418395
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 212289.34132970148,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.50835299744273
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1542385.61185621,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 626.5487763988905
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1627458.7255130466,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.515683821405328
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 783457.7553222938,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.86005377338749
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3670146.640774148,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 368.45495061368644
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 360863.68335850525,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.16759495793913
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1167028.9775443412,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 223.39884320942858
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1616821.1363756668,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.54164442238417
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3916180.6890899837,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 142.21483755888153
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "845522",
    "hs_description": "Metal-rolling mills: cold",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8455
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 845522,
      "corridor_rank": 33,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 19,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3476868.639965924,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 655682.5175441332,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1700463.8801812276,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1459628.8864520094,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 986031.2628772091,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 67.70625554406107,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 235.07309738954007,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 26.300987047279236,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3598385.66290277,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 154560725.90907115,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 41.40526849678183,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 47.2904,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 34.7137,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.249516246456673,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9406224372164005,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 39.71242215521732,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 34,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2166.37,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.627006545805597,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.77123858520052,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 845522,
      "corridor_rank": 51,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "latest_data_year": 1996,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1734071.5924400862,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17426469.83411086,
      "historical_peak_year": 1996,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 120.8383,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 51.4222,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 22.90956424129717,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 22.90956424129717,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 90.12049116428639,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 9,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8145.73,
      "distance_km": 12188.310546875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.17946165427272728,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','long_distance_without_fta','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 845522,
    "num_markets": 33,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 593500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 416.6666666666667,
    "median_price_across_markets": 10789.473684210527,
    "price_spread_pct": 5496.869918699187,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 26.854058823529414,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7486678
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 952716.9931308454,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -74.05318992083278
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 4302573.541105477,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 351.61087417641613
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3074326.813476002,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -28.546792190654735
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 18447240.994678,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 500.0416388334636
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1424974.3621162314,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -92.27540659046339
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 8520040.804809855,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 497.90835760418395
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 212289.34132970148,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.50835299744273
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1542385.61185621,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 626.5487763988905
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1627458.7255130466,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.515683821405328
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 783457.7553222938,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.86005377338749
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 3670146.640774148,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 368.45495061368644
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 360863.68335850525,
      "active_destinations": 8,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.16759495793913
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1167028.9775443412,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 223.39884320942858
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 1616821.1363756668,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.54164442238417
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3916180.6890899837,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 142.21483755888153
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}