{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/844250",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/844250",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/844250",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "844250",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 152,
    "current_lane_count": 89,
    "active_market_count": 89,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 14873800.79250629,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 14127173.184951078,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16292776.163192635,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14745171.762962952,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14882837.38411814,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.44395896643411037,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.2933963812986633,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.3222702410148464,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 14297967.243564283,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 56708579.77658921,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.878311274580736,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5926716.232369892,
    "top_market_share_pct": 39.84668286908809,
    "destination_hhi": 1835.775131462746,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 29.14215006521508,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5883820793915263,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9080291799277957,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 70.56618704372829,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 20.394736842105264,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 844250,
      "hs_description": "Printing components: type, blocks, plates, cylinders and the like: blocks, plates, cylinders and lithographic stones prepared for printing purposes",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8442,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.6138587,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way horizontal trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Printing components: type, blocks, plates, cylinders and the like: blocks, plates, cylinders and lithographic stones prepared for printing purposes",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8442,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 844250,
        "corridor_rank": 23,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5926716.232369892,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3533880.3655447345,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4644472.86264002,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4449403.770213224,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4897204.491502151,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.408763889085803,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.357319122065918,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.8143752999452034,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7117624.255876526,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10836788.131033879,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.223139189031006,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.4409,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.1899,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 54.69070872943658,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.040833819805357,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 54.69070872943658,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 25,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3658.62,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5751654280152417,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 46.7773022915042,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 844250,
        "corridor_rank": 79,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1248569.5576032924,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1204015.123842073,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1203175.2523719987,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1170746.534494918,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1097933.3352624704,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.692761545134915,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.0692788868330037,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.3133477222759806,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2139807.3186149662,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32680898.30171428,
        "historical_peak_year": 2001,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.006109267410896,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.6945,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.3145,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.820487264690024,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.552572489974057,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 25.774477680544628,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 43,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1344.88,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.28114957738337265,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 67.89402244473332,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 844250,
      "num_markets": 117,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 24391000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MRT",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 374.0740740740741,
      "median_price_across_markets": 34163.380281690144,
      "price_spread_pct": 71394.06500415322,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 12.927830065359476,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 67609347
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 12135163.389578741,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.278512512200398
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 14763005.58274372,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.654773889749833
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 15093072.768057384,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.235772271870408
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 16509909.060871381,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.387328310061262
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 19805729.081835806,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.96267822440976
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 15988626.391220836,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.27271990262507
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 14658291.359283166,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.320508587705453
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 14464787.804661894,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.320096250500063
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 17976675.212244716,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 24.278872631999246
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 12014134.258956026,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.16820759618184
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 10530517.46361137,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.348928048966018
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 14317012.861625485,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.95735357828809
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 20134071.72652991,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.630394909374864
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 14617083.578096926,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.401254070052094
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 14127173.184951078,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3516288699337933
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "844250",
    "hs_description": "Printing components: type, blocks, plates, cylinders and the like: blocks, plates, cylinders and lithographic stones prepared for printing purposes",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8442
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 844250,
      "corridor_rank": 23,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5926716.232369892,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3533880.3655447345,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4644472.86264002,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4449403.770213224,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4897204.491502151,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.408763889085803,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.357319122065918,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.8143752999452034,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7117624.255876526,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10836788.131033879,
      "historical_peak_year": 2014,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.223139189031006,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.4409,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.1899,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 54.69070872943658,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.040833819805357,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 54.69070872943658,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 25,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3658.62,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5751654280152417,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 46.7773022915042,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 844250,
      "corridor_rank": 79,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1248569.5576032924,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1204015.123842073,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1203175.2523719987,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1170746.534494918,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1097933.3352624704,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.692761545134915,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.0692788868330037,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.3133477222759806,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2139807.3186149662,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 32680898.30171428,
      "historical_peak_year": 2001,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.006109267410896,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 16.6945,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.3145,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.820487264690024,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.552572489974057,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 25.774477680544628,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 43,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1344.88,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.28114957738337265,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 67.89402244473332,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 844250,
    "num_markets": 117,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ZMB",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 24391000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MRT",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 374.0740740740741,
    "median_price_across_markets": 34163.380281690144,
    "price_spread_pct": 71394.06500415322,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 12.927830065359476,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 67609347
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 12135163.389578741,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.278512512200398
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 14763005.58274372,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.654773889749833
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 15093072.768057384,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2.235772271870408
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 16509909.060871381,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.387328310061262
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 19805729.081835806,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.96267822440976
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 15988626.391220836,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.27271990262507
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 14658291.359283166,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.320508587705453
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 14464787.804661894,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.320096250500063
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 17976675.212244716,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 24.278872631999246
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 12014134.258956026,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.16820759618184
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 10530517.46361137,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.348928048966018
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 14317012.861625485,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.95735357828809
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 20134071.72652991,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.630394909374864
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 14617083.578096926,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.401254070052094
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 14127173.184951078,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.3516288699337933
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}