{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/843221",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/843221",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/843221",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "843221",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 107,
    "current_lane_count": 31,
    "active_market_count": 31,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 2701339.5388584253,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1861761.4786364469,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2440380.0396390073,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2345084.770261551,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2376212.5633886633,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5843701195470508,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.7881081494246525,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -15.151909093766868,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3857164.3439804106,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 15693790.575819645,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 14.567538974219817,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "SEN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 695976.9151020462,
    "top_market_share_pct": 25.76414053437219,
    "destination_hhi": 1357.6991555315378,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 28.142546955488697,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 11.373889425686619,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0483642948663292,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 74.56689537002919,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 53.271028037383175,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 85.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 843221,
      "hs_description": "Harrows: disc harrows",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8432,
      "substitution_elasticity": -12.407217,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Harrows: disc harrows",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8432,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 843221,
        "corridor_rank": 60,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 628315.9916462618,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 407364.21368836076,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 858368.2536870664,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 782001.2713719367,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 639128.5359697252,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.438859331431965,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.8403847554686261,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.4273666130442777,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1124882.7697353305,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 55184940.48219791,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.866225944476243,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.0383,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.9909,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1385642281320394,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.06725166624432877,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 74.2253898410567,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 26,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5672.21,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7699427691930124,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.34939494171229,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 843221,
      "num_markets": 63,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 312000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MLI",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 136,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5551.314828341855,
      "price_spread_pct": 5617.840271061548,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.488979452054796,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12085874
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1164139.910553339,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.882174830190003
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1550711.9085641138,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.20666137346236
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1518436.9153729626,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.081301692010369
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2782298.043021262,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 83.23435204009556
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 9627273.047075715,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 246.0187549361743
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5374279.531194315,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -44.17651286179368
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1643596.7479597593,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -69.41735653272755
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1499124.2355245068,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.790021799117707
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1140297.9271870728,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.93572859636209
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2379403.3407132225,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 108.66505883973838
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2509498.3103243546,
        "active_destinations": 37,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.467545892077982
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1894785.4220663765,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.495449378426795
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2563715.844131261,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.30375599656958
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2895662.7961493125,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.947883938773048
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1861761.4786364469,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.70516977625158
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "843221",
    "hs_description": "Harrows: disc harrows",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8432
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 843221,
      "corridor_rank": 60,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 628315.9916462618,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 407364.21368836076,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 858368.2536870664,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 782001.2713719367,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 639128.5359697252,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -4.438859331431965,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.8403847554686261,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.4273666130442777,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1124882.7697353305,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 55184940.48219791,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.17391304347826,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.866225944476243,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.0383,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 20.9909,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1385642281320394,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.06725166624432877,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 74.2253898410567,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 26,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5672.21,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7699427691930124,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.34939494171229,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 843221,
    "num_markets": 63,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "GRC",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 312000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MLI",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 136,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5551.314828341855,
    "price_spread_pct": 5617.840271061548,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.488979452054796,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 12085874
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1164139.910553339,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.882174830190003
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1550711.9085641138,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.20666137346236
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1518436.9153729626,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.081301692010369
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2782298.043021262,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.23435204009556
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 9627273.047075715,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 246.0187549361743
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5374279.531194315,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -44.17651286179368
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1643596.7479597593,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -69.41735653272755
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1499124.2355245068,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.790021799117707
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1140297.9271870728,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.93572859636209
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2379403.3407132225,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 108.66505883973838
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2509498.3103243546,
      "active_destinations": 37,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.467545892077982
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1894785.4220663765,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.495449378426795
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2563715.844131261,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.30375599656958
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2895662.7961493125,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.947883938773048
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1861761.4786364469,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.70516977625158
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}