{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/841370",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/841370",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/841370",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "841370",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 186,
    "current_lane_count": 157,
    "active_market_count": 157,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 323445308.9986136,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 321523474.60709864,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 284610111.76776445,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 273700163.99622047,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 248774414.56156033,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 5.787944622395136,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.0595439652310725,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.2928045037841747,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 156957347.98634323,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 659896509.3912255,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.41379310344827,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.495140118610961,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "SAU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 68232534.59148218,
    "top_market_share_pct": 21.095540016557994,
    "destination_hhi": 651.5341570348115,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.733821625578238,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.132166214634503,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.192015016261134,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 82.82160602263828,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 12.365591397849462,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 841370,
      "hs_description": "Pumps: centrifugal, n.e.c. in heading no. 8413, for liquids",
      "hs_chapter": 84,
      "hs_heading": 8413,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.0127029,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Pumps: centrifugal, n.e.c. in heading no. 8413, for liquids",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8413,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 841370,
        "corridor_rank": 49,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "SAU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 68232534.59148218,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6489309.738680168,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 28093681.192901764,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 20822915.492850106,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14955689.440828497,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 93.11829677895447,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 95.5475659441545,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 29.080721319839498,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 68232534.59148218,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 422569644.25328547,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 64.03757545911498,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.3005,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.8348,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 16.147050674227806,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 13.414562694884792,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 21.350916467016688,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 62,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1152,
        "distance_km": 4975.89697265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898988,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9497558046805583,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 87.99608310780118,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 841370,
      "num_markets": 174,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BWA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2715333.3333333335,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BDI",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 120,
      "median_price_across_markets": 20099.918475491697,
      "price_spread_pct": 13508.578836496561,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 91.51906986301373,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1233161841
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 179459831.5584145,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.499855443023861
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 162944759.53668022,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.202656593577924
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 184824123.17387095,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.427473027916252
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 241275873.28958738,
        "active_destinations": 139,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 30.54349678294438
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 232547671.524459,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.6175195000340934
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 181232475.42962098,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.066527589135966
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 193928219.2252685,
        "active_destinations": 148,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.005225617291611
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 231923530.76947683,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.5924614251589
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 260950137.68612117,
        "active_destinations": 146,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.515593747792533
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 251208962.52401388,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.732964177939723
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 243086504.45396608,
        "active_destinations": 149,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.233347245431716
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 271583980.22384304,
        "active_destinations": 153,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.723183001824603
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 264669669.37452185,
        "active_destinations": 154,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.545919992638123
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 267637191.32167298,
        "active_destinations": 151,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1212172343601339
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 321523474.6070987,
        "active_destinations": 157,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.134078907090245
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "841370",
    "hs_description": "Pumps: centrifugal, n.e.c. in heading no. 8413, for liquids",
    "hs_chapter": 84,
    "hs_heading": 8413
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 841370,
      "corridor_rank": 49,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 68232534.59148218,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6489309.738680168,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 28093681.192901764,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 20822915.492850106,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14955689.440828497,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 93.11829677895447,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 95.5475659441545,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 29.080721319839498,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 68232534.59148218,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 422569644.25328547,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.37931034482759,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 64.03757545911498,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 48.3005,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.8348,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 16.147050674227806,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 13.414562694884792,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 21.350916467016688,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 62,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1152,
      "distance_km": 4975.89697265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898988,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9497558046805583,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 87.99608310780118,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 841370,
    "num_markets": 174,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BWA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2715333.3333333335,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BDI",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 120,
    "median_price_across_markets": 20099.918475491697,
    "price_spread_pct": 13508.578836496561,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 91.51906986301373,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1233161841
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 179459831.5584145,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.499855443023861
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 162944759.53668022,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.202656593577924
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 184824123.17387095,
      "active_destinations": 146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.427473027916252
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 241275873.28958738,
      "active_destinations": 139,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 30.54349678294438
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 232547671.524459,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.6175195000340934
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 181232475.42962098,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.066527589135966
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 193928219.2252685,
      "active_destinations": 148,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.005225617291611
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 231923530.76947683,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.5924614251589
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 260950137.68612117,
      "active_destinations": 146,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.515593747792533
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 251208962.52401388,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.732964177939723
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 243086504.45396608,
      "active_destinations": 149,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.233347245431716
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 271583980.22384304,
      "active_destinations": 153,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.723183001824603
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 264669669.37452185,
      "active_destinations": 154,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.545919992638123
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 267637191.32167298,
      "active_destinations": 151,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1212172343601339
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 321523474.6070987,
      "active_destinations": 157,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.134078907090245
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}