{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/830400",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/830400",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/830400",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "830400",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 165,
    "current_lane_count": 99,
    "active_market_count": 99,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3158233.1833021957,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 3026768.607002426,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2622075.3608256564,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2875638.3982972335,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3012069.0134939044,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 3.29874294248651,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.7132478363805381,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -9.14897215745627,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3770282.950888154,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 20353773.2049408,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 12.44771509994278,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 472538.00501502125,
    "top_market_share_pct": 14.962099933385648,
    "destination_hhi": 689.3658835479172,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.767662730832251,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6377628697138191,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0780666266572665,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 92.9051706977956,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 18.78787878787879,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 830400,
      "hs_description": "Office equipment: filing cabinets, card-index cabinets, paper trays, paper rests, pen trays, office-stamp stands and similar office or desk equipment, of base metal, other than office furniture of heading no. 9403",
      "hs_chapter": 83,
      "hs_heading": 8304,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Office equipment: filing cabinets, card-index cabinets, paper trays, paper rests, pen trays, office-stamp stands and similar office or desk equipment, of base metal, other than office furniture of heading no. 9403",
    "hs_chapter": 83,
    "hs_heading": 8304,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 830400,
        "corridor_rank": 17,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 472538.00501502125,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1005191.016140888,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 615517.314422947,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 661780.8133115855,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 566295.3879158511,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -15.000123490947036,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.8545376601305721,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.1098542848827941,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3460746.290447164,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14711531.15243973,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -16.10997777582983,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 24.3749,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.1037,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.212024636447556,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.8857539005621473,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 28.094714562589996,
        "peer_top_exporter": "TUN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 61,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1524.69,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.715174635197404,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 94.12242296669226,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 830400,
        "corridor_rank": 25,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 272443.8314298138,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 156126.68337264014,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 163550.70204040952,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 147670.45074515216,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 174444.30163978398,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.33395683563277,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.58270116198681,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.236852899217336,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 420042.1560709043,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15784246.542680334,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.570809734850105,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 21.1073,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.0474,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.7260490115453424,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5871000838911073,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 52.279683084408916,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3182.13,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5521392134466993,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 83.39072795027018,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 830400,
      "num_markets": 129,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "S19",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1073500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 50,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11957.494407158838,
      "price_spread_pct": 8977.215154349858,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2.828420833333333,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 15729229
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 3981370.4482679544,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.46142239153989
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 3476117.6899560443,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.69042318158849
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3226816.7453293423,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.171821177028514
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2175645.604613656,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.57610281827142
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 7900976.504402458,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 263.1554922202271
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 2626080.1297858986,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -66.7625877849069
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2960812.636288464,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.746469641421637
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 3267213.0849938975,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.348525433528366
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 4108092.608636157,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.73690487175036
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2780299.6837484636,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.32139709061979
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 3766006.512262234,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.45325830432847
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 2745959.3967469633,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.08564396248296
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2320534.686641007,
        "active_destinations": 94,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.492753119727155
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2518922.7888335367,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.549240971687343
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 3026768.607002424,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.161230047232245
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "830400",
    "hs_description": "Office equipment: filing cabinets, card-index cabinets, paper trays, paper rests, pen trays, office-stamp stands and similar office or desk equipment, of base metal, other than office furniture of heading no. 9403",
    "hs_chapter": 83,
    "hs_heading": 8304
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 830400,
      "corridor_rank": 17,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 472538.00501502125,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1005191.016140888,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 615517.314422947,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 661780.8133115855,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 566295.3879158511,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -15.000123490947036,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.8545376601305721,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.1098542848827941,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3460746.290447164,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 14711531.15243973,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -16.10997777582983,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 24.3749,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.1037,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.212024636447556,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.8857539005621473,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 28.094714562589996,
      "peer_top_exporter": "TUN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 61,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1524.69,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.715174635197404,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 94.12242296669226,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 830400,
      "corridor_rank": 25,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 272443.8314298138,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 156126.68337264014,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 163550.70204040952,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 147670.45074515216,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 174444.30163978398,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.33395683563277,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.58270116198681,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.236852899217336,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 420042.1560709043,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15784246.542680334,
      "historical_peak_year": 2014,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 21.570809734850105,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 21.1073,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.0474,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.7260490115453424,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5871000838911073,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 52.279683084408916,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 57,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3182.13,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5521392134466993,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 83.39072795027018,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 830400,
    "num_markets": 129,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "S19",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1073500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MDV",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 50,
    "median_price_across_markets": 11957.494407158838,
    "price_spread_pct": 8977.215154349858,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2.828420833333333,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 15729229
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 3981370.4482679544,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.46142239153989
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 3476117.6899560443,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.69042318158849
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3226816.7453293423,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.171821177028514
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2175645.604613656,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.57610281827142
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 7900976.504402458,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 263.1554922202271
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 2626080.1297858986,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -66.7625877849069
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2960812.636288464,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.746469641421637
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 3267213.0849938975,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.348525433528366
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 4108092.608636157,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.73690487175036
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2780299.6837484636,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.32139709061979
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 3766006.512262234,
      "active_destinations": 91,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.45325830432847
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 2745959.3967469633,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -27.08564396248296
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2320534.686641007,
      "active_destinations": 94,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.492753119727155
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2518922.7888335367,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.549240971687343
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 3026768.607002424,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.161230047232245
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}