{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/821591",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/821591",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/821591",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "821591",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 115,
    "current_lane_count": 47,
    "active_market_count": 47,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 762248.5062105597,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 721324.1338520132,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 971070.4096274711,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1227272.6827174095,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1451513.1192147243,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -22.102255255391555,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -18.771916071118568,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.9841907052838077,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1071698.7333411206,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 4637305.496166274,
    "historical_peak_year": 2019,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.118064550107746,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 172255.58138787554,
    "top_market_share_pct": 22.598349486340943,
    "destination_hhi": 1471.3746743690917,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 5.540736221185618,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.0111591371487216,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0149008744038612,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 94.3468100335352,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 26.08695652173913,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 821591,
      "hs_description": "Cutlery: (e.g. spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fish-knives, butter-knives, sugar tongs and similar), plated with precious metal, not in sets",
      "hs_chapter": 82,
      "hs_heading": 8215,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.0243292,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Cutlery: (e.g. spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fish-knives, butter-knives, sugar tongs and similar), plated with precious metal, not in sets",
    "hs_chapter": 82,
    "hs_heading": 8215,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 821591,
        "corridor_rank": 8,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "AUT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 27177.03068515902,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9202.208762009046,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 20853.032347350887,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18242.669084215417,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 19117.149459894707,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.655564150717588,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 17.90317646288482,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.535033241461674,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 29582.225298335503,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17101930.173076604,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.53846153846154,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 13.120530909255914,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 32.8308,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.6752,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.1589120667089587,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.044798126540386674,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 96.83244935037149,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 32,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9378.02,
        "distance_km": 1811.998779296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.049626967501010096,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.049626967501010096,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0019551930865065,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.63258509305984,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 821591,
      "num_markets": 95,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "TUR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 383166.6666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 348.88888888888886,
      "median_price_across_markets": 23276.923076923074,
      "price_spread_pct": 1644.6236322244258,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.5229727891156466,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 7775810
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1357999.9646524722,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 189.17669419259104
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1164141.7839358416,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.275271411088813
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1293300.522128668,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.094760103546331
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 837464.1408465155,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.24597519932047
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1083185.891272706,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.341166796444906
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1662721.2363991302,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.50285207698655
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1288369.2998397828,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.514413622939113
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1525169.7307197747,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.37985668468192
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1862651.9424533346,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.127518330323245
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2039855.569148178,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.513512570762153
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1697147.700600986,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.800594793596257
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1526004.4841036475,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.084167479161298
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1458940.486006816,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.394744497505458
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 732946.6090235842,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.76171981972403
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 721324.1338520132,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5857192090777565
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "821591",
    "hs_description": "Cutlery: (e.g. spoons, forks, ladles, skimmers, cake-servers, fish-knives, butter-knives, sugar tongs and similar), plated with precious metal, not in sets",
    "hs_chapter": 82,
    "hs_heading": 8215
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 821591,
      "corridor_rank": 8,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "AUT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 27,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 27177.03068515902,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9202.208762009046,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 20853.032347350887,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18242.669084215417,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 19117.149459894707,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.655564150717588,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 17.90317646288482,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.535033241461674,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 29582.225298335503,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 17101930.173076604,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 61.53846153846154,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 13.120530909255914,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 32.8308,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.6752,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.1589120667089587,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.044798126540386674,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 96.83244935037149,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 32,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 9378.02,
      "distance_km": 1811.998779296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.049626967501010096,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.049626967501010096,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0019551930865065,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.63258509305984,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 821591,
    "num_markets": 95,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "TUR",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 383166.6666666667,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GHA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 348.88888888888886,
    "median_price_across_markets": 23276.923076923074,
    "price_spread_pct": 1644.6236322244258,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.5229727891156466,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 7775810
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1357999.9646524722,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 189.17669419259104
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1164141.7839358416,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.275271411088813
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1293300.522128668,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.094760103546331
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 837464.1408465155,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.24597519932047
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 1083185.891272706,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.341166796444906
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1662721.2363991302,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.50285207698655
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 1288369.2998397828,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.514413622939113
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1525169.7307197747,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.37985668468192
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1862651.9424533346,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.127518330323245
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2039855.569148178,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.513512570762153
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 1697147.700600986,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.800594793596257
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1526004.4841036475,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.084167479161298
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1458940.486006816,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.394744497505458
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 732946.6090235842,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.76171981972403
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 721324.1338520132,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.5857192090777565
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}