{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/821490",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/821490",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/821490",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "821490",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 166,
    "current_lane_count": 107,
    "active_market_count": 107,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1904543.9709634904,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1753673.3061210748,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2127787.170779687,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2972185.7338946937,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2466862.3540676795,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -19.613947659981047,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -4.492450123933112,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.015611456470714,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2041228.2260608375,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 10836463.397640562,
    "historical_peak_year": 2020,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -14.598336203510332,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 233775.2508427689,
    "top_market_share_pct": 12.274605071181647,
    "destination_hhi": 504.765885235874,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 9.606019571749952,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5327039045602756,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0239075798791326,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.40031564015278,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 24.698795180722893,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 821490,
      "hs_description": "Cutlery: hair clippers and mincing knives",
      "hs_chapter": 82,
      "hs_heading": 8214,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Cutlery: hair clippers and mincing knives",
    "hs_chapter": 82,
    "hs_heading": 8214,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 821490,
        "corridor_rank": 23,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 193456.62666489024,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 262533.0859591596,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 196453.74708942548,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 217487.50065874145,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 184894.32016822585,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.480217566443991,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.63285789492125,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.5927890891794694,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 819347.5770959114,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16528829.205100307,
        "historical_peak_year": 1995,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.887428477264521,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.7105,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.3804,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1704194184860672,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.4854876946163591,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 74.59273132357517,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 55,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5621.19,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7380479988085943,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.19834909991675,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 821490,
        "corridor_rank": 37,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 66329.80708017274,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 127394.34791558723,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 99362.666261628,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 149380.33911299365,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 151382.94594907505,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.85735214777396,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.09609716152284,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.5682286144348,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 493186.5672434304,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 53544261.19909625,
        "historical_peak_year": 2003,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -34.28912353333916,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.3552,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.5515,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.12387846165910364,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.014385753612547195,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 84.85431944767763,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 7227.9,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7617813964261508,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 87.8258724541251,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 821490,
      "num_markets": 138,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1785000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SLV",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 86.95652173913044,
      "median_price_across_markets": 25416.666666666668,
      "price_spread_pct": 7022.608695652174,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.181266666666667,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 13573934
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1448802.2797157906,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.974131116811026
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1651261.3468903087,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.974237203314871
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1619880.5026744981,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.9004165679108047
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2696678.8269348405,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 66.47393573059853
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2933772.12658118,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.792048102955949
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1702467.9422276958,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -41.97000077808916
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 2306414.529895451,
        "active_destinations": 118,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 35.474770049266546
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 1723786.4122464713,
        "active_destinations": 115,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.261205654795717
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1868240.2330940154,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.380030137219213
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 2206785.753739693,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.121091423291343
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5101534.906012742,
        "active_destinations": 115,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 131.1749066427273
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3376032.251121667,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.823205891571426
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 2598421.788546548,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.033265227746636
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 2031266.4176714392,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.826917145439758
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1753673.3061210741,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.666011958617744
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "821490",
    "hs_description": "Cutlery: hair clippers and mincing knives",
    "hs_chapter": 82,
    "hs_heading": 8214
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 821490,
      "corridor_rank": 23,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 193456.62666489024,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 262533.0859591596,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 196453.74708942548,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 217487.50065874145,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 184894.32016822585,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.480217566443991,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.63285789492125,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.5927890891794694,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 819347.5770959114,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16528829.205100307,
      "historical_peak_year": 1995,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.887428477264521,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 1.7105,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.3804,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.1704194184860672,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.4854876946163591,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 74.59273132357517,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 55,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5621.19,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7380479988085943,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.19834909991675,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 821490,
      "corridor_rank": 37,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 66329.80708017274,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 127394.34791558723,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 99362.666261628,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 149380.33911299365,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 151382.94594907505,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.85735214777396,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -21.09609716152284,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -5.5682286144348,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 493186.5672434304,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 53544261.19909625,
      "historical_peak_year": 2003,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -34.28912353333916,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.3552,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.5515,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.12387846165910364,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.014385753612547195,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 84.85431944767763,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 49,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 7227.9,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7617813964261508,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 87.8258724541251,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 821490,
    "num_markets": 138,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1785000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SLV",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 86.95652173913044,
    "median_price_across_markets": 25416.666666666668,
    "price_spread_pct": 7022.608695652174,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1.181266666666667,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 13573934
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1448802.2797157906,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.974131116811026
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1651261.3468903087,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.974237203314871
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1619880.5026744981,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.9004165679108047
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2696678.8269348405,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 66.47393573059853
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2933772.12658118,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.792048102955949
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 1702467.9422276958,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.97000077808916
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 2306414.529895451,
      "active_destinations": 118,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 35.474770049266546
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 1723786.4122464713,
      "active_destinations": 115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.261205654795717
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1868240.2330940154,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.380030137219213
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 2206785.753739693,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.121091423291343
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 5101534.906012742,
      "active_destinations": 115,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 131.1749066427273
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3376032.251121667,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.823205891571426
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 2598421.788546548,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.033265227746636
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 2031266.4176714392,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.826917145439758
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1753673.3061210741,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.666011958617744
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}