{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/810530",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/810530",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/810530",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "810530",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 31,
    "current_lane_count": 7,
    "active_market_count": 7,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 410346.02090492425,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 317272.7871169262,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 471680.78547613154,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 323598.5088349894,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 318529.66678360174,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 48.0019229580321,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.19894005400758,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 17.53615667731483,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 386866.34367475053,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1623322.886377774,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 30.46576628071727,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 203421.94492202022,
    "top_market_share_pct": 49.573270985647596,
    "destination_hhi": 2737.9895889126856,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 14.619849586005213,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 7.130173378975277,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.5154479754036025,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 77.45852606981609,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 70.96774193548387,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 73.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 810530,
      "hs_description": "Cobalt: waste and scrap",
      "hs_chapter": 81,
      "hs_heading": 8105,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Cobalt: waste and scrap",
    "hs_chapter": 81,
    "hs_heading": 8105,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 810530,
        "corridor_rank": 67,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 33339.41054691652,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 112125.08213362425,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 164969.01605982764,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 115604.09466349047,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 151638.391680101,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.507922144248123,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -36.30663997828485,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.966997645719952,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 542834.5626375839,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15362996.925494099,
        "historical_peak_year": 2009,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.42857142857143,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -13.474919789968077,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.8331,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 15.157,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.21701111253619723,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.0485930477810645,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 15.931650089039978,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 24,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 972.82,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0372754256466516,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.86821194307582,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 810530,
        "corridor_rank": 74,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 12,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 22745.73479758364,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 51560.01590820024,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 131100.551932759,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 95670.95842265234,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 101170.02256881751,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.8564284292843634,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.9817329604217662,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 84.74733061056423,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 239455.36906793434,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21897777.01693464,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.45454545454545,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -87.6037590398486,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -21.3058,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.0604,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10387234640298522,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7744774447626002,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 37.98231344870371,
        "peer_top_exporter": "GBR",
        "supplier_count_latest": 26,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1899.35,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.464433578997713,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.8354565065658,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 810530,
      "num_markets": 9,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 19837.016863936315,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 64.67552929591335,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11916.421312565297,
      "price_spread_pct": 165.9251617244467,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 30.68228571428572,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1978556
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 68291.47518917074,
        "active_destinations": 2,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -87.71600924198326
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 109257.76684853516,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 59.98741650533361
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 176436.4901065563,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 61.48645098261206
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 32355.23034502126,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -81.66182611914306
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 63054.77318985363,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 94.88278252840915
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 512877.9544128941,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 713.3848215878177
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 113090.67886377465,
        "active_destinations": 1,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -77.9497874902358
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 216915.37430003073,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 91.80658961409182
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 387424.07037402457,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 78.60609079656632
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 336996.04571034666,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.01623428172493
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 105084.43309582284,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -68.81730974785842
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 97865.75465072936,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.869407991677528
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 849675.1883461735,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 768.2048091066769
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 248094.38096529496,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -70.80126801770082
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 317272.7871169263,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.88390687546787
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "810530",
    "hs_description": "Cobalt: waste and scrap",
    "hs_chapter": 81,
    "hs_heading": 8105
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 810530,
      "corridor_rank": 67,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 33339.41054691652,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 112125.08213362425,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 164969.01605982764,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 115604.09466349047,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 151638.391680101,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.507922144248123,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -36.30663997828485,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.966997645719952,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 542834.5626375839,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15362996.925494099,
      "historical_peak_year": 2009,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 46.42857142857143,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -13.474919789968077,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.8331,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 15.157,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 41.3793,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.21701111253619723,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.0485930477810645,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 15.931650089039978,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 24,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 972.82,
      "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0372754256466516,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.86821194307582,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 810530,
      "corridor_rank": 74,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 12,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 22745.73479758364,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 51560.01590820024,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 131100.551932759,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 95670.95842265234,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 101170.02256881751,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -2.8564284292843634,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.9817329604217662,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 84.74733061056423,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 239455.36906793434,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21897777.01693464,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 45.45454545454545,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -87.6037590398486,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -21.3058,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.0604,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10387234640298522,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7744774447626002,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 37.98231344870371,
      "peer_top_exporter": "GBR",
      "supplier_count_latest": 26,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1899.35,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.464433578997713,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.8354565065658,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 810530,
    "num_markets": 9,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "USA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 19837.016863936315,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MYS",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 64.67552929591335,
    "median_price_across_markets": 11916.421312565297,
    "price_spread_pct": 165.9251617244467,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 30.68228571428572,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1978556
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 68291.47518917074,
      "active_destinations": 2,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -87.71600924198326
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 109257.76684853516,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 59.98741650533361
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 176436.4901065563,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 61.48645098261206
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 32355.23034502126,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -81.66182611914306
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 63054.77318985363,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 94.88278252840915
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 512877.9544128941,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 713.3848215878177
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 113090.67886377465,
      "active_destinations": 1,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -77.9497874902358
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 216915.37430003073,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 91.80658961409182
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 387424.07037402457,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.60609079656632
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 336996.04571034666,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.01623428172493
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 105084.43309582284,
      "active_destinations": 3,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -68.81730974785842
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 97865.75465072936,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.869407991677528
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 849675.1883461735,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 768.2048091066769
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 248094.38096529496,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -70.80126801770082
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 317272.7871169263,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.88390687546787
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}