{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/810520",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/810520",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/810520",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "810520",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 62,
    "current_lane_count": 10,
    "active_market_count": 10,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1311200.03427976,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 746778.3619774869,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1024197.4500770901,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1365637.1048639661,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 892772.63056982,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -39.34192585911367,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.113921472845046,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 21.51709579469521,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1324847.6321289714,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 6820736.002262875,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -60.85902165380888,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 643840.5484168633,
    "top_market_share_pct": 49.103152195273076,
    "destination_hhi": 2750.737503000946,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 4.137853313838051,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.432938686340965,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3484435203237464,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 74.80049681922993,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 64.51612903225806,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 75,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 810520,
      "hs_description": "Cobalt: mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, unwrought cobalt, powders",
      "hs_chapter": 81,
      "hs_heading": 8105,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Cobalt: mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, unwrought cobalt, powders",
    "hs_chapter": 81,
    "hs_heading": 8105,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 810520,
      "num_markets": 28,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HRV",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 826000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 787.7777777777777,
      "median_price_across_markets": 65263.63636363636,
      "price_spread_pct": 1264.4288124313198,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 3.545460317460317,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 4005906
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 448123.7900063442,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 77.4617287017953
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 218028.6629522909,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.346331568514984
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 161236.21317212854,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.048157618885963
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 134059.57209932976,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.855172010140315
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 106369.69412591672,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.654905531771032
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 195667.73590950615,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 83.95064263123811
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 348469.6967107296,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 78.09256855299456
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 431430.0428050628,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.807047464216062
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 720688.898227842,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 67.04652590767253
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 403284.4077252297,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -44.04181766683279
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 409593.66483505326,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.564468397231532
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 3345999.5092535065,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 716.907046304285
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1625997.2331349894,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.404737847742545
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 699816.755118794,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -56.96076593134672
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 746778.3619774869,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.71055765887187
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "810520",
    "hs_description": "Cobalt: mattes and other intermediate products of cobalt metallurgy, unwrought cobalt, powders",
    "hs_chapter": 81,
    "hs_heading": 8105
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 810520,
    "num_markets": 28,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HRV",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 826000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 787.7777777777777,
    "median_price_across_markets": 65263.63636363636,
    "price_spread_pct": 1264.4288124313198,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 3.545460317460317,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 4005906
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 448123.7900063442,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 77.4617287017953
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 218028.6629522909,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.346331568514984
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 161236.21317212854,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.048157618885963
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 134059.57209932976,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.855172010140315
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 106369.69412591672,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.654905531771032
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 195667.73590950615,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 83.95064263123811
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 348469.6967107296,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 78.09256855299456
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 431430.0428050628,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.807047464216062
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 720688.898227842,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 67.04652590767253
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 403284.4077252297,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -44.04181766683279
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 409593.66483505326,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.564468397231532
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 3345999.5092535065,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 716.907046304285
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1625997.2331349894,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.404737847742545
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 699816.755118794,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -56.96076593134672
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 746778.3619774869,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.71055765887187
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}