{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/740312",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/740312",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/740312",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "740312",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 37,
    "current_lane_count": 9,
    "active_market_count": 9,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 8912732.808512272,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 210088.17328857587,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 140856.6328805169,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1818351.5989961023,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1026542.515797743,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -71.0144832412135,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.03081194330342,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 21.532395441754694,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3320116.775978982,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 20303801.74668096,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -92.54687868296818,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "CHN",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 8479748.63048892,
    "top_market_share_pct": 95.141959404305,
    "destination_hhi": 9057.47035228674,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 10.610768644086429,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 8.12102325147159,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.9360081068535726,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.17324164585871,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 75.67567567567568,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 74.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 740312,
      "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, wire-bars",
      "hs_chapter": 74,
      "hs_heading": 7403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -35.898651,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, wire-bars",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403,
    "destinations": [],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 740312,
      "num_markets": 12,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 552857.1428571428,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3061.403374585061,
      "median_price_across_markets": 8389.261744966443,
      "price_spread_pct": 6553.565214632089,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.1371666666666655,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 830186
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 7870062.059029891,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 61.48979122887099
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1378380.141333254,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -82.48577799012729
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 773524.0361685134,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -43.881661308591305
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 70131.25387749649,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -90.93353915349849
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 29886.910581831075,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -57.38432021472655
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 61076.1924247899,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 104.35766439479193
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 802360.6798924091,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1213.7044862127705
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 125378.26736925179,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -84.37382706913502
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 54586.34170174115,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -56.46267662881414
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 130265.68160872569,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 138.64153110038987
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 42214.625036827274,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.59344094661415
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 8626973.471302135,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20335.982704515605
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 91436.7144852344,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -98.9401066922322
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 121045.01086774042,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.381190147954506
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 210088.1732885759,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 73.56202604511168
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "740312",
    "hs_description": "Copper: refined, unwrought, wire-bars",
    "hs_chapter": 74,
    "hs_heading": 7403
  },
  "destinations": [],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 740312,
    "num_markets": 12,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 552857.1428571428,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "FRA",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 3061.403374585061,
    "median_price_across_markets": 8389.261744966443,
    "price_spread_pct": 6553.565214632089,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 6.1371666666666655,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 830186
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 7870062.059029891,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 61.48979122887099
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1378380.141333254,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -82.48577799012729
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 773524.0361685134,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -43.881661308591305
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 70131.25387749649,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -90.93353915349849
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 29886.910581831075,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -57.38432021472655
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 61076.1924247899,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 104.35766439479193
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 802360.6798924091,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1213.7044862127705
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 125378.26736925179,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -84.37382706913502
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 54586.34170174115,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -56.46267662881414
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 130265.68160872569,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 138.64153110038987
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 42214.625036827274,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -67.59344094661415
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 8626973.471302135,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20335.982704515605
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 91436.7144852344,
      "active_destinations": 5,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -98.9401066922322
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 121045.01086774042,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.381190147954506
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 210088.1732885759,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 73.56202604511168
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}