# Spain HS 732392 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 732392 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Spain |
| HS6 | 732392 |
| Latest exports | $4.8M |
| Active destinations | 98 |
| Three-year growth | -1% |
| Destination HHI | 870 |
| Weighted share | 19.8% |

## Destination markets

- Italy: $605.1K; share 5.6%; growth -12.9%
- France: $411.5K; share 2%; growth -31.3%
- Germany: $357.8K; share 0.4%; growth -11.4%
- USA, Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands: $244.3K; share 0.1%; growth +8%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Chile at $323.0K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Cameroon at $92.3 / ton.
- Median reported price: $8.3K / ton.
- Price spread: 3,914%.

## Export history

- 2010: $1.1M
- 2011: $2.2M
- 2012: $1.8M
- 2013: $2.1M
- 2014: $2.4M
- 2015: $1.9M
- 2016: $1.7M
- 2017: $2.2M
- 2018: $1.7M
- 2019: $1.6M
- 2020: $3.2M
- 2021: $4.5M
- 2022: $5.5M
- 2023: $5.0M
- 2024: $4.4M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/732392",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/732392",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/732392",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "732392",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 154,
    "current_lane_count": 98,
    "active_market_count": 98,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 4757642.440136058,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4388641.283598487,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4954197.637588507,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4515963.066470182,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3165280.115875043,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.0194315884573868,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.01133618601319,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.364577244369785,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 2570207.5206596474,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 15348890.998375257,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.384008832827171,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "HRV",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 905289.5842094463,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.02811309593827,
    "destination_hhi": 870.3325435776338,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 19.798215675591813,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 12.626751262120129,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.9620532690686106,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.40919223470195,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 25.324675324675326,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 732392,
      "hs_description": "Cast iron: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of cast iron, enamelled",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7323,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.330019,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Cast iron: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of cast iron, enamelled",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7323,
    "destinations": [
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        "corridor_rank": 60,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
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        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 217326.51875647064,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1141126.2002317116,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 913376.3069629131,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 517250.3509874493,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.94607227347182,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.192267233003,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.163964494233493,
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        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.138,
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        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.587057465632264,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3509562647610087,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 27.548805392448138,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 30,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1990.27,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.0792635409342046,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.28640111850639,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
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        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
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        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 510620.92366949766,
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        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1286004.8767284336,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 973057.1700412087,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -31.341460420338187,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.623435383542006,
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        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2715583.6231216197,
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        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.0451,
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        "peer_best_share_pct": 39.715574070138025,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 49,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2521.48,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0883123028731039,
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        "attention_level": "Watch",
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        "signal_flag": "Stable",
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        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 79834.87368179589,
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        "buyer_market_hhi": 4307.94,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7593960977185776,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.61161966547695,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
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        "importer_iso3": "USA",
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        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
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    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 732392,
      "num_markets": 133,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 323000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CMR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 92.33333333333333,
      "median_price_across_markets": 8250,
      "price_spread_pct": 3914.0323232323235,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.656512304250559,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 15872881
    },
    "history": [
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        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1073057.598249465,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 52.60189881759061
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      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2167270.139861136,
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        "yoy_growth_pct": 101.97146391738126
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      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1811299.1356604742,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.42485621213192
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        "year": 2013,
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        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.013120751365125
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      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2367881.1554962606,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.684092618503323
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      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1940887.1423655488,
        "active_destinations": 91,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.03274679303837
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      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1693612.739539742,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.740277238604882
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      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
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      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
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      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
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      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
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      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
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      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
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      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
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      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
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      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
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    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "732392",
    "hs_description": "Cast iron: table, kitchen and other household articles and parts thereof, of cast iron, enamelled",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7323
  },
  "destinations": [
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      "corridor_rank": 60,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
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      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 605138.4412088335,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 217326.51875647064,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1141126.2002317116,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 913376.3069629131,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 517250.3509874493,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.94607227347182,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.192267233003,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.163964494233493,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2397756.059765519,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10831076.016869865,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
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      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 34.8746,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.138,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.587057465632264,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3509562647610087,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 27.548805392448138,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 30,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1990.27,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 2.0792635409342046,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.28640111850639,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
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      "corridor_rank": 70,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
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      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 411547.266393147,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 510620.92366949766,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1452972.8941758883,
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  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
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    "hs_code": 732392,
    "num_markets": 133,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 323000,
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    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}
```
