# Spain HS 731821 exports | Yugalinks Explore reported HS 731821 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history. ## Exporter position | Measure | Value | | --- | --- | | Exporter | Spain | | HS6 | 731821 | | Latest exports | $21.1M | | Active destinations | 119 | | Three-year growth | +13.7% | | Destination HHI | 3,340 | | Weighted share | 20.2% | ## Destination markets - Austria: $11.8M; share 33%; growth +36.1% - France: $2.5M; share 6.6%; growth -7.8% ## Price intelligence - Highest reported market price: Ecuador at $6.9M / ton. - Lowest reported market price: Paraguay at $40.5 / ton. - Median reported price: $17.0K / ton. - Price spread: 40,396.1%. ## Export history - 2010: $12.5M - 2011: $15.9M - 2012: $12.8M - 2013: $9.6M - 2014: $8.7M - 2015: $6.0M - 2016: $6.2M - 2017: $6.5M - 2018: $7.8M - 2019: $8.0M - 2020: $6.4M - 2021: $14.2M - 2022: $19.9M - 2023: $20.9M - 2024: $20.8M ## Methods Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade. Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed. ## Complete structured values ```json { "template": "T3", "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile", "source": "api", "publisher": { "name": "Yugalinks", "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com" }, "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/731821", "links": { "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/731821", "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/731821", "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology" }, "methodology": { "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.", "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.", "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.", "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.", "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed." }, "exporter": { "hs_code": "731821", "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "first_data_year": 1995, "latest_data_year": 2024, "observed_lane_count": 162, "current_lane_count": 119, "active_market_count": 119, "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 21051603.10330476, "exports_current_2024_usd": 20837378.89461023, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 20546607.949373107, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16438965.67914866, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 11666957.589096067, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 13.651525785503704, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.09560765155336, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.087629184483825, "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 9918164.994098501, "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 38197693.357732974, "historical_peak_year": 2023, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241, "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.563896601019879, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "top_market_iso3": "AUT", "top_market_exports_usd": 11763886.33404983, "top_market_share_pct": 55.88119002777081, "destination_hhi": 3339.7062718473703, "weighted_share_latest_pct": 20.212165240492478, "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.492791325916029, "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.6795028695713292, "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 77.6162363696516, "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 19.135802469135804, "data_freshness_years": 0, "coverage_score": 100, "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41", "source": "api", "product": { "hs_code": 731821, "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers", "hs_chapter": 73, "hs_heading": 7318, "substitution_elasticity": -4.7572021, "price_range_label": "High price range", "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade" }, "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers", "hs_chapter": 73, "hs_heading": 7318, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 731821, "corridor_rank": 10, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "AUT", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11763886.33404983, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1399500.314395585, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10768750.761111943, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7577174.953174409, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4144220.3966108216, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.08080526308144, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 60.12209970067961, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 53.525514995373435, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11763886.33404983, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 35607794.423009545, "historical_peak_year": 2024, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932, "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.444709732291997, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.9879, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0458, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069, "market_share_latest_pct": 33.03739117985941, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.157803793825014, "peer_best_share_pct": 43.54472275410055, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 65, "buyer_market_hhi": 3052.32, "distance_km": 1811.998779296875, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.049626967501010096, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.049626967501010096, "volatility_cv": 2.3214446577088803, "max_drawdown_pct": 70.10874683662571, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']", "signal_flag": "Accelerating", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731821, "corridor_rank": 73, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "FRA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2499692.37210434, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2639865.8048549346, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2991506.6578197996, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2595258.1896326453, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1912426.150789617, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.754812056913152, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.664719224989637, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.595193963406107, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5252338.303374558, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37807388.90008014, "historical_peak_year": 2008, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516, "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.35000602031926, "trend_label": "Declining", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -15.0883, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.6132, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 6.611650380592778, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7257992301014715, "peer_best_share_pct": 35.36869072731573, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 78, "buyer_market_hhi": 1799.72, "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.4324943183176788, "max_drawdown_pct": 84.44183984219237, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Stable", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": 731821, "num_markets": 136, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 6850000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PRY", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 40.50731707317073, "median_price_across_markets": 16956.989247311827, "price_spread_pct": 40396.0832479082, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.693432692307695, "total_trade_value_usd": 77646243 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 12497362.422344917, "active_destinations": 93, "yoy_growth_pct": 36.18755836332364 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 15906062.308286741, "active_destinations": 95, "yoy_growth_pct": 27.27535435674946 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 12795734.823400075, "active_destinations": 100, "yoy_growth_pct": -19.554352451305615 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 9567133.157616258, "active_destinations": 95, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.2318581960572 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 8731483.868380679, "active_destinations": 112, "yoy_growth_pct": -8.73458407517126 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 5978860.443222885, "active_destinations": 111, "yoy_growth_pct": -31.525264968144402 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 6162047.012074756, "active_destinations": 117, "yoy_growth_pct": 3.063904411074116 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 6490521.7464507995, "active_destinations": 116, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.330610651499166 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 7841270.615114722, "active_destinations": 113, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.81109842059385 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 8002047.678354233, "active_destinations": 120, "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0503955434161214 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 6360596.783693206, "active_destinations": 115, "yoy_growth_pct": -20.512885709256626 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 14194407.763930771, "active_destinations": 115, "yoy_growth_pct": 123.16157188773968 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 19942820.588332653, "active_destinations": 114, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.497729246648106 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 20859624.365176413, "active_destinations": 118, "yoy_growth_pct": 4.597162035244538 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 20837378.894610226, "active_destinations": 119, "yoy_growth_pct": -0.10664367764610472 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226, "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493, "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244, "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407, "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159, "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454, "risk_score": 3.285705193107783, "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781, "population": 48848840, "labor_force": 22392.15, "investment_rate_pct": 24.25, "savings_rate_pct": 21.99, "secondary_education_pct": 88.05, "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02, "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25, "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664, "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 108, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 5, "num_shared_language_partners": 24, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 40, "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889, "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092, "num_border_partners": 75, "num_colonial_partners": 605, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037, "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517, "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019 }, "countryMap": {} }, "product": { "hs_code": "731821", "hs_description": "Iron or steel: non-threaded spring washers and other lock washers", "hs_chapter": 73, "hs_heading": 7318 }, "destinations": [ { "hs_code": 731821, "corridor_rank": 10, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "AUT", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11763886.33404983, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1399500.314395585, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10768750.761111943, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7577174.953174409, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4144220.3966108216, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.08080526308144, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 60.12209970067961, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 53.525514995373435, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11763886.33404983, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 35607794.423009545, "historical_peak_year": 2024, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932, "trend_acceleration_pct": -17.444709732291997, "trend_label": "Rapid growth", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.9879, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.0458, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069, "market_share_latest_pct": 33.03739117985941, "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.157803793825014, "peer_best_share_pct": 43.54472275410055, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 65, "buyer_market_hhi": 3052.32, "distance_km": 1811.998779296875, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0.049626967501010096, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.049626967501010096, "volatility_cv": 2.3214446577088803, "max_drawdown_pct": 70.10874683662571, "attention_level": "High attention", "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years", "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']", "signal_flag": "Accelerating", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" }, { "hs_code": 731821, "corridor_rank": 73, "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "importer_iso3": "FRA", "latest_data_year": 2024, "lane_data_years": 30, "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2499692.37210434, "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2639865.8048549346, "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2991506.6578197996, "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2595258.1896326453, "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1912426.150789617, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.754812056913152, "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.664719224989637, "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.595193963406107, "exports_historical_peak_usd": 5252338.303374558, "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37807388.90008014, "historical_peak_year": 2008, "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516, "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.35000602031926, "trend_label": "Declining", "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -15.0883, "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.6132, "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241, "market_share_latest_pct": 6.611650380592778, "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.7257992301014715, "peer_best_share_pct": 35.36869072731573, "peer_top_exporter": "DEU", "supplier_count_latest": 78, "buyer_market_hhi": 1799.72, "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125, "has_reported_fta": 1, "applied_tariff_pct": 0, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0, "volatility_cv": 0.4324943183176788, "max_drawdown_pct": 84.44183984219237, "attention_level": "Watch", "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak", "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']", "signal_flag": "Stable", "confidence_label": "High", "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25" } ], "prices": [], "priceSummary": { "exporter_iso3": "ESP", "hs_code": 731821, "num_markets": 136, "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU", "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 6850000, "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PRY", "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 40.50731707317073, "median_price_across_markets": 16956.989247311827, "price_spread_pct": 40396.0832479082, "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.693432692307695, "total_trade_value_usd": 77646243 }, "history": [ { "year": 2010, "export_value_usd": 12497362.422344917, "active_destinations": 93, "yoy_growth_pct": 36.18755836332364 }, { "year": 2011, "export_value_usd": 15906062.308286741, "active_destinations": 95, "yoy_growth_pct": 27.27535435674946 }, { "year": 2012, "export_value_usd": 12795734.823400075, "active_destinations": 100, "yoy_growth_pct": -19.554352451305615 }, { "year": 2013, "export_value_usd": 9567133.157616258, "active_destinations": 95, "yoy_growth_pct": -25.2318581960572 }, { "year": 2014, "export_value_usd": 8731483.868380679, "active_destinations": 112, "yoy_growth_pct": -8.73458407517126 }, { "year": 2015, "export_value_usd": 5978860.443222885, "active_destinations": 111, "yoy_growth_pct": -31.525264968144402 }, { "year": 2016, "export_value_usd": 6162047.012074756, "active_destinations": 117, "yoy_growth_pct": 3.063904411074116 }, { "year": 2017, "export_value_usd": 6490521.7464507995, "active_destinations": 116, "yoy_growth_pct": 5.330610651499166 }, { "year": 2018, "export_value_usd": 7841270.615114722, "active_destinations": 113, "yoy_growth_pct": 20.81109842059385 }, { "year": 2019, "export_value_usd": 8002047.678354233, "active_destinations": 120, "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0503955434161214 }, { "year": 2020, "export_value_usd": 6360596.783693206, "active_destinations": 115, "yoy_growth_pct": -20.512885709256626 }, { "year": 2021, "export_value_usd": 14194407.763930771, "active_destinations": 115, "yoy_growth_pct": 123.16157188773968 }, { "year": 2022, "export_value_usd": 19942820.588332653, "active_destinations": 114, "yoy_growth_pct": 40.497729246648106 }, { "year": 2023, "export_value_usd": 20859624.365176413, "active_destinations": 118, "yoy_growth_pct": 4.597162035244538 }, { "year": 2024, "export_value_usd": 20837378.894610226, "active_destinations": 119, "yoy_growth_pct": -0.10664367764610472 } ], "economy": { "year": 2024, "country_iso3": "ESP", "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226, "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493, "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671, "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983, "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543, "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448, "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244, "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407, "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159, "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454, "risk_score": 3.285705193107783, "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873, "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781, "population": 48848840, "labor_force": 22392.15, "investment_rate_pct": 24.25, "savings_rate_pct": 21.99, "secondary_education_pct": 88.05, "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02, "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25, "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664, "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581, "num_active_partners": 270, "num_fta_partners": 108, "num_wto_partners": 169, "num_eu_partners": 28, "num_shared_border_partners": 5, "num_shared_language_partners": 24, "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906, "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193, "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null, "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null, "pct_partners_with_fta": 40, "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889, "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516, "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883, "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525, "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115, "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641, "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092, "num_border_partners": 75, "num_colonial_partners": 605, "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575, "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408, "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037, "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517, "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019 } } ```