{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/730429",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/730429",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/730429",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "730429",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 138,
    "current_lane_count": 40,
    "active_market_count": 40,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 93719144.32628034,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 70648613.0719455,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 114158105.566821,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 81299489.66368046,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 85235949.9990722,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 30.373761346612493,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -2.4320974953598085,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.3064222394732425,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 71745904.39616719,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 274651270.77332574,
    "historical_peak_year": 2014,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 37.68018358608573,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 62983617.09619668,
    "top_market_share_pct": 67.20464377792561,
    "destination_hhi": 4652.724860960836,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 11.85361801598172,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 3.939946624450152,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0796639544049242,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 83.44359414118732,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 44.20289855072464,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 730429,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel: casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7304,
      "substitution_elasticity": -8.5370321,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7304,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 730429,
        "corridor_rank": 26,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 62983617.09619668,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 44145215.38888278,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 103284325.62030987,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 69997410.24952044,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 69289665.25176236,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 42.42081692840032,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.4741633016720703,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.308101109049111,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 128882510.84918886,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1131715861.4613392,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 45.72891803744943,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -51.8965,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 31.3969,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.5653206993907895,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.08717708636566623,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 20.81425928842668,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 52,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1222.82,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8470011110817199,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 83.62879780995594,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 730429,
      "num_markets": 88,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 428750,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TUN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 250,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3328.4282513854496,
      "price_spread_pct": 12873.944325572827,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1268.0207113821134,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 532108581
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 53063517.69974005,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.9306744581531
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 82152958.93833749,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 54.820039265395216
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 95704685.05077332,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.49572491066026
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 84202666.92556198,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.018239356944003
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 150871492.94073203,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 79.17662046750557
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 77407161.41307196,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -48.69331514901865
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 29244402.721380573,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -62.22002953276879
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 121779172.38637388,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 316.4187367633984
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 137527264.32763216,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.931679229428209
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 79904050.82386099,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -41.89948355730758
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 32142049.456126504,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -59.77419276654716
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 31881082.16181282,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8119186508934385
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 126061777.71162854,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 295.4124802658845
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 145763925.91688898,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.628962690285004
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 70648613.0719455,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.53216913749454
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "730429",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel: casing and tubing, of a kind used in drilling for oil or gas",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7304
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 730429,
      "corridor_rank": 26,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 62983617.09619668,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 44145215.38888278,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 103284325.62030987,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 69997410.24952044,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 69289665.25176236,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 42.42081692840032,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.4741633016720703,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.308101109049111,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 128882510.84918886,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1131715861.4613392,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 45.72891803744943,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -51.8965,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 31.3969,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.5653206993907895,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.08717708636566623,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 20.81425928842668,
      "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
      "supplier_count_latest": 52,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1222.82,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8470011110817199,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 83.62879780995594,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 730429,
    "num_markets": 88,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 428750,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TUN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 250,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3328.4282513854496,
    "price_spread_pct": 12873.944325572827,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1268.0207113821134,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 532108581
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 53063517.69974005,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.9306744581531
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 82152958.93833749,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 54.820039265395216
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 95704685.05077332,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.49572491066026
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 84202666.92556198,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.018239356944003
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 150871492.94073203,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 79.17662046750557
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 77407161.41307196,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -48.69331514901865
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 29244402.721380573,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -62.22002953276879
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 121779172.38637388,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 316.4187367633984
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 137527264.32763216,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.931679229428209
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 79904050.82386099,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -41.89948355730758
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 32142049.456126504,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -59.77419276654716
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 31881082.16181282,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8119186508934385
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 126061777.71162854,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 295.4124802658845
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 145763925.91688898,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.628962690285004
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 70648613.0719455,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.53216913749454
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}