{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/730419",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/730419",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/730419",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "730419",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 145,
    "current_lane_count": 94,
    "active_market_count": 94,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 75909340.53574546,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 74277821.79038802,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 89907747.76738606,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 72756500.55735174,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 61079720.95477611,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 15.72733803765427,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.912748634720849,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.2224644137265197,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 57225261.941343576,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 246629795.57344833,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 15.94980245138079,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 15656550.050884277,
    "top_market_share_pct": 20.62532745033091,
    "destination_hhi": 973.583553134671,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.649186956439224,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.4903342726561047,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.993144297279385,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.51785540506525,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 26.20689655172414,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 730419,
      "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines",
      "hs_chapter": 73,
      "hs_heading": 7304,
      "substitution_elasticity": -8.5370321,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7304,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 730419,
        "corridor_rank": 66,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15656550.050884277,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9101773.404934352,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 29988937.066839222,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 19467481.34253362,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 13526584.82440865,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 35.2694509257737,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 30.264851745195575,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.41919662572212,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 42453311.37249483,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 581310671.1215087,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 32.850254300051574,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.8571,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.2119,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.6933188789874563,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.698665413434591,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 20.801895430695534,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 47,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1009.16,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1029452957672057,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 95.24678105860494,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 730419,
        "corridor_rank": 71,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "SAU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 14035489.547113705,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3150710.5046773064,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8332454.625853433,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5885435.302846298,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5693500.661073717,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 107.69259169756383,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.81148695311072,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.412164695597163,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 14035489.547113705,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 148158770.59847593,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 93.28042700196667,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.6571,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 25.1403,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 9.47327619581239,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.4881017862469585,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 65.40918941274708,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 44,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4434.85,
        "distance_km": 4975.89697265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898988,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0029407703095465,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 87.27732726943145,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 730419,
      "num_markets": 115,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 526000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GIB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 100.4172614472384,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2348.2282282282285,
      "price_spread_pct": 22395.590701818255,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 432.1013799999998,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 346255470
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 54855509.13572093,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.161240968106203
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 94484513.2338495,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72.24252353593208
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 80840430.82487424,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.440548976747234
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 68228001.37004615,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.601635624815716
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 75950638.44185996,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.318867498299962
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 62226677.399192855,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.069579564064846
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 42171799.02118328,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.228746923694345
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 40814428.18514174,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2186695079328254
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 57547874.75652177,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.99885093446377
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 44253927.398962826,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.100674723096304
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 46135457.09333188,
        "active_destinations": 85,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.251667151271081
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 47923802.39126861,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.876292575402284
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 84010225.21652648,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 75.2995818875853
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 111435196.29524368,
        "active_destinations": 88,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.644801282263636
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 74277821.79038802,
        "active_destinations": 94,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.34437928067941
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "730419",
    "hs_description": "Iron or steel (excluding cast iron or stainless steel): seamless, line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas pipelines",
    "hs_chapter": 73,
    "hs_heading": 7304
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 730419,
      "corridor_rank": 66,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15656550.050884277,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9101773.404934352,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 29988937.066839222,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 19467481.34253362,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 13526584.82440865,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 35.2694509257737,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 30.264851745195575,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.41919662572212,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 42453311.37249483,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 581310671.1215087,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 32.850254300051574,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -19.8571,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.2119,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.6933188789874563,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.698665413434591,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 20.801895430695534,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 47,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1009.16,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1029452957672057,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 95.24678105860494,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 730419,
      "corridor_rank": 71,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 14035489.547113705,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3150710.5046773064,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8332454.625853433,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5885435.302846298,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5693500.661073717,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 107.69259169756383,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.81148695311072,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.412164695597163,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 14035489.547113705,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 148158770.59847593,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 93.28042700196667,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -14.6571,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 25.1403,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 9.47327619581239,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.4881017862469585,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 65.40918941274708,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 44,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4434.85,
      "distance_km": 4975.89697265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.09920948249898988,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0029407703095465,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 87.27732726943145,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 730419,
    "num_markets": 115,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "HUN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 526000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GIB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 100.4172614472384,
    "median_price_across_markets": 2348.2282282282285,
    "price_spread_pct": 22395.590701818255,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 432.1013799999998,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 346255470
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 54855509.13572093,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.161240968106203
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 94484513.2338495,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 72.24252353593208
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 80840430.82487424,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.440548976747234
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 68228001.37004615,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.601635624815716
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 75950638.44185996,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.318867498299962
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 62226677.399192855,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.069579564064846
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 42171799.02118328,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.228746923694345
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 40814428.18514174,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.2186695079328254
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 57547874.75652177,
      "active_destinations": 84,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.99885093446377
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 44253927.398962826,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.100674723096304
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 46135457.09333188,
      "active_destinations": 85,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.251667151271081
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 47923802.39126861,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.876292575402284
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 84010225.21652648,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 75.2995818875853
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 111435196.29524368,
      "active_destinations": 88,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.644801282263636
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 74277821.79038802,
      "active_destinations": 94,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.34437928067941
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}