{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/722410",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/722410",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/722410",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "722410",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 92,
    "current_lane_count": 24,
    "active_market_count": 24,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 9870421.003664985,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 8754828.697222704,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5834495.462532879,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5290632.83476604,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5948302.045823632,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.080452640060901,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.0172733442502153,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 37.98881732129953,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 6031689.333033953,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 29876560.04662212,
    "historical_peak_year": 2013,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -26.908364681238627,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4755543.486060826,
    "top_market_share_pct": 48.17974313653942,
    "destination_hhi": 3066.599113205447,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 21.683855006013616,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 11.578591432863346,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.4936608705702765,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.10366817812432,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 65.21739130434783,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 82,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 722410,
      "hs_description": "Steel, alloy: ingots and other primary forms",
      "hs_chapter": 72,
      "hs_heading": 7224,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Steel, alloy: ingots and other primary forms",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7224,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 722410,
        "corridor_rank": 20,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 15,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4755543.486060826,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 751850.5692035095,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4755543.486060826,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1693583.7149826102,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1547012.7076974416,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 229.62591841274352,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 49.5285289171991,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 42.39824985862466,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4755543.486060826,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 101444747.70832968,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 187.22766855411885,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.0486,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.4944,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 4.687816366534615,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.543267263816481,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 78.75793295236963,
        "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
        "supplier_count_latest": 24,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6287.28,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.898583940887333,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 96.47637217668436,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 722410,
        "corridor_rank": 33,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 24,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2461309.683349975,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 966263.2184712162,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2350755.8943612273,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2172054.439238659,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2064153.838523203,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.2033376978790367,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.9348248864440096,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 64.16331971755645,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2933513.671341541,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12623923.025176238,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 47.82608695652174,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -62.95998201967741,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.1321,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.1231,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 19.497185450523716,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.300976031186554,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.554694297141396,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 19,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2400.01,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1644055414339196,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.772336323285,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 722410,
      "num_markets": 50,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1002000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 555.689343768814,
      "median_price_across_markets": 22606.060606060604,
      "price_spread_pct": 4429.981535074481,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 48.712577981651364,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 28681323
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1598629.1238872746,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.151176476923464
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1010493.5975362859,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -36.789991972675985
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 796509.8044075955,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.176165158335543
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 16800553.15679853,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2009.2713565897598
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 349791.07875995134,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -97.91797879810639
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 3731924.630081826,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 966.901032271011
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 4117263.592277903,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.325475468876988
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 9458734.040743154,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 129.7335069458122
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 8176271.131605447,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.558504802160035
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 7545662.8896978,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.712663043548364
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 2562121.6417386187,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -66.04510857175028
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 6387556.144492942,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 149.30729440927084
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 4495432.926059235,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.622020936207488
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 4253224.764316697,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.38787177400646
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 8754828.697222708,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 105.83978468932898
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "722410",
    "hs_description": "Steel, alloy: ingots and other primary forms",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7224
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 722410,
      "corridor_rank": 20,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 15,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 4755543.486060826,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 751850.5692035095,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4755543.486060826,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1693583.7149826102,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1547012.7076974416,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 229.62591841274352,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 49.5285289171991,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 42.39824985862466,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4755543.486060826,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 101444747.70832968,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 187.22766855411885,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -18.0486,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.4944,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 4.687816366534615,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.543267263816481,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 78.75793295236963,
      "peer_top_exporter": "AUT",
      "supplier_count_latest": 24,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6287.28,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.898583940887333,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 96.47637217668436,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 722410,
      "corridor_rank": 33,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 24,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2461309.683349975,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 966263.2184712162,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2350755.8943612273,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2172054.439238659,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2064153.838523203,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.2033376978790367,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.9348248864440096,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 64.16331971755645,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2933513.671341541,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 12623923.025176238,
      "historical_peak_year": 2017,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 47.82608695652174,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -62.95998201967741,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.1321,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.1231,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 19.497185450523716,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.300976031186554,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.554694297141396,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 19,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2400.01,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1644055414339196,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.772336323285,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 722410,
    "num_markets": 50,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1002000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 555.689343768814,
    "median_price_across_markets": 22606.060606060604,
    "price_spread_pct": 4429.981535074481,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 48.712577981651364,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 28681323
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1598629.1238872746,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.151176476923464
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1010493.5975362859,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -36.789991972675985
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 796509.8044075955,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.176165158335543
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 16800553.15679853,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 2009.2713565897598
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 349791.07875995134,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -97.91797879810639
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 3731924.630081826,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 966.901032271011
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 4117263.592277903,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.325475468876988
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 9458734.040743154,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 129.7335069458122
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 8176271.131605447,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.558504802160035
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 7545662.8896978,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.712663043548364
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 2562121.6417386187,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -66.04510857175028
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 6387556.144492942,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 149.30729440927084
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 4495432.926059235,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.622020936207488
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 4253224.764316697,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.38787177400646
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 8754828.697222708,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 105.83978468932898
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}