{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/721499",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/721499",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/721499",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "721499",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 148,
    "current_lane_count": 76,
    "active_market_count": 76,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 89425557.39104919,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 68862173.24491794,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 68757771.66596359,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 62835777.08822521,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 55010274.81796491,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.8813712614267777,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.977095314758873,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.0086537235803439,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 62029226.76828361,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 338581015.02223927,
    "historical_peak_year": 2012,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.1272824621535662,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 19495180.77479856,
    "top_market_share_pct": 21.8004576583717,
    "destination_hhi": 1599.09968454503,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 36.524947110443755,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 5.791638853225297,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0081317964897676,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.68400392647824,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 30.405405405405407,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 721499,
      "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than of rectangular cross-section",
      "hs_chapter": 72,
      "hs_heading": 7214,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.8253016,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than of rectangular cross-section",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7214,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 721499,
        "corridor_rank": 38,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19495180.77479856,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10567455.111786006,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17283183.2496332,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14367273.164811209,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10437100.421637723,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 15.311962928905508,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.603099596066158,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.092612663910774,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22946514.578285668,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24011016.14907475,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.219350264994734,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.2532,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.0746,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 81.19265196341888,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 8.418922528859923,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 81.19265196341887,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6689.52,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5165410731917517,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 80.53024233502187,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 721499,
        "corridor_rank": 39,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19127541.764744274,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8402637.439333197,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16659337.451648818,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 12767033.884883007,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8748517.64402019,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 30.9989424863393,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 27.89062150501602,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.96982700263741,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 25458972.346226778,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150758610.22327757,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.02911548370189,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -17.6789,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.9214,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 12.687528583883779,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.157981578458452,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 36.28524870844722,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 55,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2106.97,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.719137963563569,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 90.55120376931221,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 721499,
        "corridor_rank": 40,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DZA",
        "latest_data_year": 2022,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 18962648.43966729,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 9357532.348918276,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 15217813.742812669,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 15672020.229939839,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 13018877.802098844,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.5570662416636765,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.3039579053775183,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.247283269997112,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 70031477.18593927,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10151593.133869188,
        "historical_peak_year": 2012,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 59.25925925925926,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.80434951166079,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 46.6944,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 22.424,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 66.18647604637357,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 11.28440779743535,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.090541132985265,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 10,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2424.25,
        "distance_km": 706.8756713867188,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.23658253282424235,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1656216637575757,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7230010431855556,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.98990935254226,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 721499,
        "corridor_rank": 67,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 11513231.01821326,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6903551.494145621,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9732650.110209402,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8089715.521710175,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6789748.970437762,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.432994266316506,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 10.084278580378104,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.8551614544961588,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 26132643.39350425,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 302297288.89998907,
        "historical_peak_year": 2011,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 13.577832811820347,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.7106,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.4394,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.8085789853121215,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.2603735209761093,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.938502078845847,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 42,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1778.22,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.647191438480362,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 84.15266441297491,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 721499,
      "num_markets": 109,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 217896.5517241379,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "MLI",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 75.89025102159952,
      "median_price_across_markets": 1191.1855990068282,
      "price_spread_pct": 18286.03885529913,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 1014.8192063953487,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 278928160
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 71389875.18439013,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.693196565983556
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 165761140.26669395,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 132.1913854570497
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 174906017.86464712,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.516900754446989
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 80562777.21473217,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -53.93939088072056
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 62286639.06815517,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.68558604659786
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 44222957.33411293,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.000893296356278
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 30399173.001130037,
        "active_destinations": 84,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.25929419089173
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 51039291.82556248,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 67.89697477515318
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 56248238.40514286,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.205757943082466
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 54014202.17257468,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.971744353088791
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 40832560.815831915,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.404028619413072
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 67073009.62740336,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 64.26353940896428
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 73397811.00526333,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.429726521882362
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 64013330.74770947,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.785776754133584
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 68862173.24491794,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.574738637361059
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "721499",
    "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, hot-drawn or hot-extruded, n.e.c. in heading no. 7214, other than of rectangular cross-section",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7214
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 721499,
      "corridor_rank": 38,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19495180.77479856,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10567455.111786006,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17283183.2496332,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 14367273.164811209,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10437100.421637723,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 15.311962928905508,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.603099596066158,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.092612663910774,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 22946514.578285668,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24011016.14907475,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.219350264994734,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.2532,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.0746,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 81.19265196341888,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 8.418922528859923,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 81.19265196341887,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6689.52,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5165410731917517,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 80.53024233502187,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 721499,
      "corridor_rank": 39,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19127541.764744274,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 8402637.439333197,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 16659337.451648818,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 12767033.884883007,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8748517.64402019,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 30.9989424863393,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 27.89062150501602,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.96982700263741,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 25458972.346226778,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150758610.22327757,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.02911548370189,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -17.6789,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.9214,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 12.687528583883779,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.157981578458452,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 36.28524870844722,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ITA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 55,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2106.97,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.719137963563569,
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