{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/721391",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/721391",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/721391",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "721391",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 120,
    "current_lane_count": 39,
    "active_market_count": 39,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 163348989.18599486,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 126843524.90426756,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 255053426.07745883,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 328207792.97966254,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 346665112.72744524,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -38.53886210460037,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -23.421011607536435,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.162187656622958,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 333589741.19634825,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1082184069.7741117,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -26.37667444797741,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 32404213.811750166,
    "top_market_share_pct": 19.837413119743026,
    "destination_hhi": 950.2717577123312,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 18.085682295362208,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -4.507278044541185,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8986159686067388,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 80.55473629279791,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 41.666666666666664,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 99.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 721391,
      "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter",
      "hs_chapter": 72,
      "hs_heading": 7213,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.3508081,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7213,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 721391,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 32404213.811750166,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 53608028.40123787,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75859954.62728688,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96625340.94161992,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 99570138.173531,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -41.00297176951805,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -24.012822433361215,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.794819435243405,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 157801483.14165398,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 186434739.50597835,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -33.208152334274644,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.6716,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.5657,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 17.380995568538385,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.621127179079764,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 67.01918573912303,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 27,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4835.99,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8171875297865274,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 79.4652032625943,
        "attention_level": "Critical attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 721391,
        "corridor_rank": 83,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 29744354.34894885,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41802717.203238145,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40873635.12742292,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45810730.5201898,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 45234096.82247299,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -27.507946911195734,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -15.418501359448411,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.349350193295254,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 98691102.01750919,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 58211244.42252926,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.15859671790048,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.8397,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.4573,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 51.097265904587005,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -27.63335693638328,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.097265904587005,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 12,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3207.15,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5263537426188062,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 73.70391499189425,
        "attention_level": "Critical attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 721391,
      "num_markets": 63,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 147333.33333333334,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CPV",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 55.42,
      "median_price_across_markets": 707.9801855281925,
      "price_spread_pct": 20802.547351442587,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 15023.84156756757,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1893446486
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 352957190.3270378,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.689764040948545
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 426085643.3747981,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.7187882983775
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 489647571.96897846,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.91764146070261
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 465347553.308392,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.962756899390078
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 463930786.9199118,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3044533872387799
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 310644458.95069367,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.04077510934403
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 273792949.9747547,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.862921714559906
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 349189222.81383777,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 27.537696951669155
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 410348159.6025637,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.514554514567994
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 481637371.03428996,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.372860036894604
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 329534265.64497304,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.580420153586463
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 546344421.0209632,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 65.7929016734098
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 458861557.7018081,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.01240169263088
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 179455195.6263008,
        "active_destinations": 40,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -60.89121160528334
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 126843524.90426755,
        "active_destinations": 39,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.31744078984055
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "721391",
    "hs_description": "Iron or non-alloy steel: bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils, n.e.s. in heading no. 7213, of circular cross-section measuring less than 14mm in diameter",
    "hs_chapter": 72,
    "hs_heading": 7213
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 721391,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 32404213.811750166,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 53608028.40123787,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75859954.62728688,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 96625340.94161992,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 99570138.173531,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -41.00297176951805,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -24.012822433361215,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.794819435243405,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 157801483.14165398,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 186434739.50597835,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -33.208152334274644,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.6716,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.5657,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 17.380995568538385,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.621127179079764,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 67.01918573912303,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 27,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4835.99,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8171875297865274,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 79.4652032625943,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 721391,
      "corridor_rank": 83,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 29744354.34894885,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41802717.203238145,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 40873635.12742292,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45810730.5201898,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 45234096.82247299,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -27.507946911195734,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -15.418501359448411,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.349350193295254,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 98691102.01750919,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 58211244.42252926,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -23.15859671790048,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.8397,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.4573,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 51.097265904587005,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -27.63335693638328,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 51.097265904587005,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 12,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3207.15,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5263537426188062,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 73.70391499189425,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 721391,
    "num_markets": 63,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ARG",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 147333.33333333334,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CPV",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 55.42,
    "median_price_across_markets": 707.9801855281925,
    "price_spread_pct": 20802.547351442587,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 15023.84156756757,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1893446486
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 352957190.3270378,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.689764040948545
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 426085643.3747981,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.7187882983775
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 489647571.96897846,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.91764146070261
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 465347553.308392,
      "active_destinations": 44,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.962756899390078
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 463930786.9199118,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3044533872387799
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 310644458.95069367,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.04077510934403
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 273792949.9747547,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.862921714559906
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 349189222.81383777,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 27.537696951669155
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 410348159.6025637,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.514554514567994
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 481637371.03428996,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.372860036894604
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 329534265.64497304,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -31.580420153586463
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 546344421.0209632,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 65.7929016734098
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 458861557.7018081,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.01240169263088
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 179455195.6263008,
      "active_destinations": 40,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -60.89121160528334
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 126843524.90426755,
      "active_destinations": 39,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.31744078984055
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}