{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/711291",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/711291",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/711291",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "711291",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 60,
    "current_lane_count": 19,
    "active_market_count": 19,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 163232762.13909885,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 151052695.96042916,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 61515954.301241554,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 56359544.14374064,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 42243396.430371664,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 130.53851677667677,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.785512204353715,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.20721546059544,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 151414936.95910805,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1401224463.2537389,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 122.33130131608134,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 140957720.36342874,
    "top_market_share_pct": 86.35381679280265,
    "destination_hhi": 7509.710135954717,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 36.56182580907724,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 21.647634531486244,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.397249221683603,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 92.11835870102229,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 65,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 79.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 711291,
      "hs_description": "Waste and scrap of precious metals: of gold, including metal clad with gold but excluding sweepings containing other precious metals",
      "hs_chapter": 71,
      "hs_heading": 7112,
      "substitution_elasticity": -65.245819,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Waste and scrap of precious metals: of gold, including metal clad with gold but excluding sweepings containing other precious metals",
    "hs_chapter": 71,
    "hs_heading": 7112,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 711291,
        "corridor_rank": 22,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 22,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 140957720.36342874,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 23524426.778857175,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 54877761.93228936,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45469842.75727296,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 29987018.323383093,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 528.1589377044843,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.943736557087412,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.7439935645578,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 140957720.36342874,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 341545643.6103861,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 514.4149441399264,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 154.891,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 35.7536,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 41.27053674976002,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 24.20038869036281,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.27053674976001,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 31,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2285.62,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.4723219784294217,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.34551422860162,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 711291,
      "num_markets": 20,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 60340482.75862069,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1409.4674421645716,
      "median_price_across_markets": 350491.52542372886,
      "price_spread_pct": 17215.558412783656,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 38.25468253968254,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 78882768
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 661472388.1140771,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 828.8570031955165
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1219589603.7513776,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 84.3749830931791
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1029471142.0392447,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.588724364929075
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 318693492.269312,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -69.04298923445073
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 68638260.36502537,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -78.46260999047242
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 25615587.1577653,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -62.68030829811397
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 26902044.20509773,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.0221649787264235
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 13006343.23376429,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -51.652955683941336
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 13862139.725735703,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.579839364455465
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 61250129.26265043,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 341.8519108484871
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 84921705.34907918,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.6473895996549
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 12328152.465899352,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -85.4829193370255
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 5916449.558761464,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -52.0086276096371
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 27578717.384534042,
        "active_destinations": 18,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 366.13627160386545
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 151052695.9604292,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 447.714724561986
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "711291",
    "hs_description": "Waste and scrap of precious metals: of gold, including metal clad with gold but excluding sweepings containing other precious metals",
    "hs_chapter": 71,
    "hs_heading": 7112
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 711291,
      "corridor_rank": 22,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 22,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 140957720.36342874,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 23524426.778857175,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 54877761.93228936,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 45469842.75727296,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 29987018.323383093,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 528.1589377044843,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.943736557087412,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.7439935645578,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 140957720.36342874,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 341545643.6103861,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 514.4149441399264,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 154.891,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 35.7536,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 41.27053674976002,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 24.20038869036281,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 41.27053674976001,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 31,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2285.62,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.4723219784294217,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.34551422860162,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 711291,
    "num_markets": 20,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 60340482.75862069,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "KOR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 1409.4674421645716,
    "median_price_across_markets": 350491.52542372886,
    "price_spread_pct": 17215.558412783656,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 38.25468253968254,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 78882768
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 661472388.1140771,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 828.8570031955165
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1219589603.7513776,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 84.3749830931791
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1029471142.0392447,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.588724364929075
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 318693492.269312,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -69.04298923445073
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 68638260.36502537,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -78.46260999047242
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 25615587.1577653,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -62.68030829811397
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 26902044.20509773,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.0221649787264235
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 13006343.23376429,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -51.652955683941336
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 13862139.725735703,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.579839364455465
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 61250129.26265043,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 341.8519108484871
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 84921705.34907918,
      "active_destinations": 20,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.6473895996549
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 12328152.465899352,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -85.4829193370255
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 5916449.558761464,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -52.0086276096371
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 27578717.384534042,
      "active_destinations": 18,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 366.13627160386545
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 151052695.9604292,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 447.714724561986
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}