{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/482390",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/482390",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/482390",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "482390",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 180,
    "current_lane_count": 140,
    "active_market_count": 140,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 76405516.46510626,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 75856989.61560473,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 75782619.37582584,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 64738949.974791005,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 49153586.9746986,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.747465798809076,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 15.275351744583698,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.215007317227617,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 35253717.54820126,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 131094168.58930719,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.532458481581459,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "CZE",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 26193848.726546954,
    "top_market_share_pct": 34.282666930874626,
    "destination_hhi": 1624.8194054214516,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 14.611024848579529,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.25396317236055843,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3692813836112696,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 82.93061475695339,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 10,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 482390,
      "hs_description": "Paper pulp, paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding or webs of cellulose fibres: articles n.e.c. in heading no. 4823",
      "hs_chapter": 48,
      "hs_heading": 4823,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.1083817,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Paper pulp, paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding or webs of cellulose fibres: articles n.e.c. in heading no. 4823",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4823,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 482390,
        "corridor_rank": 34,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "CZE",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 26193848.726546954,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3435632.0784662045,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23707060.652919766,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18380283.56935212,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9753323.007965295,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.128891417265002,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 47.23726333555383,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 56.43541567948909,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27295286.64445441,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 85664366.26273903,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -25.306524262224087,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.7582,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.453,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 30.577298203792765,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.23036036357231993,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 30.577298203792765,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 69,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1496.71,
        "distance_km": 1776.3475341796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.026038070801587307,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.026038070801587307,
        "volatility_cv": 2.1438678065740766,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.43852269728278,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 482390,
        "corridor_rank": 91,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10553899.50333265,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1387526.7987796084,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8957825.701700205,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6746454.115121802,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3576894.647915656,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.343577788564815,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 69.79396105333406,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 50.623543900932845,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 10553899.50333265,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 694263488.3858163,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -29.27996611236803,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 5.4737,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.4573,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.5201576461799526,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.20386425595777902,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.499222627031518,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 105,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1741.43,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9792062386094051,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 83.64499486145581,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 482390,
      "num_markets": 163,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "UZB",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 284000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 28.846153846153847,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5041.3311862587225,
      "price_spread_pct": 5632.860515496004,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 116.40601591895805,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 280156871
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 34248583.663438626,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.931055009216458
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 39113319.36534413,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.204195273332582
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 42216848.05638737,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.93471058299666
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 37359890.92566449,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.504783882102318
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 41508474.255002,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.104377519709582
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 31533912.03835733,
        "active_destinations": 141,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.030182741401727
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 31471205.081469946,
        "active_destinations": 153,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.1988556218813172
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 30829490.086964786,
        "active_destinations": 152,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0390544081294095
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 36740466.009670876,
        "active_destinations": 148,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.173122572031602
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 37266046.65656801,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.430522538170292
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 41986502.89334275,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.66690905068883
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 54360388.85313475,
        "active_destinations": 138,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.471104062238933
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 76072842.14496258,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.94168134169952
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 75418026.36691019,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8607746990766934
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 75856989.61560476,
        "active_destinations": 140,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5820402227963432
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "482390",
    "hs_description": "Paper pulp, paper, paperboard, cellulose wadding or webs of cellulose fibres: articles n.e.c. in heading no. 4823",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4823
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 482390,
      "corridor_rank": 34,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "CZE",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 26193848.726546954,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3435632.0784662045,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23707060.652919766,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18380283.56935212,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9753323.007965295,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.128891417265002,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 47.23726333555383,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 56.43541567948909,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 27295286.64445441,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 85664366.26273903,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -25.306524262224087,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -4.7582,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.453,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 30.577298203792765,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.23036036357231993,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 30.577298203792765,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 69,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1496.71,
      "distance_km": 1776.3475341796875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.026038070801587307,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.026038070801587307,
      "volatility_cv": 2.1438678065740766,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.43852269728278,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 482390,
      "corridor_rank": 91,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 10553899.50333265,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1387526.7987796084,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8957825.701700205,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6746454.115121802,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 3576894.647915656,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.343577788564815,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 69.79396105333406,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 50.623543900932845,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 10553899.50333265,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 694263488.3858163,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -29.27996611236803,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 5.4737,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.4573,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.5201576461799526,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.20386425595777902,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.499222627031518,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 105,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1741.43,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9792062386094051,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 83.64499486145581,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 482390,
    "num_markets": 163,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "UZB",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 284000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 28.846153846153847,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5041.3311862587225,
    "price_spread_pct": 5632.860515496004,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 116.40601591895805,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 280156871
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 34248583.663438626,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.931055009216458
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 39113319.36534413,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.204195273332582
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 42216848.05638737,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.93471058299666
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 37359890.92566449,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.504783882102318
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 41508474.255002,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.104377519709582
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 31533912.03835733,
      "active_destinations": 141,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -24.030182741401727
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 31471205.081469946,
      "active_destinations": 153,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.1988556218813172
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 30829490.086964786,
      "active_destinations": 152,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0390544081294095
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 36740466.009670876,
      "active_destinations": 148,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.173122572031602
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 37266046.65656801,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.430522538170292
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 41986502.89334275,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.66690905068883
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 54360388.85313475,
      "active_destinations": 138,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.471104062238933
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 76072842.14496258,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.94168134169952
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 75418026.36691019,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.8607746990766934
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 75856989.61560476,
      "active_destinations": 140,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.5820402227963432
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}