{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/480519",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/480519",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/480519",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "480519",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 133,
    "current_lane_count": 78,
    "active_market_count": 78,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 176272872.9523781,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 173295918.6405205,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 186450063.35337803,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 190785962.56082082,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 153984614.35751545,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.03692572340461,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.406554611344517,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.250824917394946,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 150597307.42637137,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 531832189.4143362,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.786100806009663,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 76583988.95001963,
    "top_market_share_pct": 43.44627035761172,
    "destination_hhi": 2329.8692971072687,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 51.559788230077885,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.4252267841767385,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8388028954399227,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 62.16442615850885,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 30.075187969924812,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: uncoated, fluting paper other than semi-chemical or straw, rolls or sheets",
      "hs_chapter": 48,
      "hs_heading": 4805,
      "substitution_elasticity": -14.620788,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: uncoated, fluting paper other than semi-chemical or straw, rolls or sheets",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4805,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 480519,
        "corridor_rank": 11,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 76583988.95001963,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41629035.43072052,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 89659195.59019752,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 88380758.68099561,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 70948095.17794979,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.540812881829119,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.3484564462369564,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.5320148669618847,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 111609624.46135528,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 85630212.10228999,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.072827748791003,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.3528,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.3321,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 89.4357109130313,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.685104076187528,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 89.4357109130313,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 14,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8025.3,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6855271844181845,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 34.743917592071085,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 480519,
        "corridor_rank": 33,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 28497951.926565494,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 32330349.70867826,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 30591706.603490334,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 31330054.261460256,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 29578722.587582313,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.718193662247769,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.8680128789491794,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.196464528911816,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 88393137.962558,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 207905053.78410593,
        "historical_peak_year": 2011,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.521729133335953,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.1184,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.9679,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 13.707195379751816,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.023449346143799232,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 52.25647547156822,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 24,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3223.42,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7265517147863082,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 78.58488377172948,
        "attention_level": "Critical attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 480519,
        "corridor_rank": 54,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15834935.613559779,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7388968.675697839,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13355330.911714068,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11316889.375478446,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9334239.122059312,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 25.25758280368333,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 12.771987170737464,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.432360672595248,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15834935.613559779,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 208328236.18911946,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 20.825222131088083,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.9387,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.1821,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.600955061696435,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.859383921694337,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 31.807217057900093,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 32,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2495.55,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6078607185125735,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 67.70499509634806,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 480519,
        "corridor_rank": 58,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MAR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15246056.321781473,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6198150.157648574,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10503489.441895356,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9497743.513507092,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7159294.568951389,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.178000697885377,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.957947027967187,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.22706355909599685,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 16630244.7767141,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19670244.84636226,
        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.405064256981372,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 87.713,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 24.0284,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 77.50821833110541,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9237457691054942,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 77.50821833110543,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 25,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6070.2,
        "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
        "volatility_cv": 0.858366951124233,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 88.3575181027942,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "num_markets": 93,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CUW",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 93500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 122.04433535928308,
      "median_price_across_markets": 517.5762964736259,
      "price_spread_pct": 18041.38951123682,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5702.856363309353,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 791825767
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 240188620.62794685,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.573151736778826
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 293876073.5228245,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.352205010594467
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 246340301.41891664,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.175448220086526
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 229261052.6848667,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.933193081145762
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 267570311.49488205,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.70988524277334
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 164104488.72270834,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.66864832429391
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 91812886.20068255,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -44.05217863612421
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 91484856.9594775,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3572801757784333
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 111472360.26386862,
        "active_destinations": 59,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.847881680838636
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 127041738.62431338,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.967030323561966
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 164333171.44954327,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.353685827228603
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 230246451.29442686,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.10954043147738
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 213089897.324735,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.45138692615635
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 172964374.09487835,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.83032641791928
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 173295918.64052057,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.19168371948107682
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "480519",
    "hs_description": "Paper and paperboard: uncoated, fluting paper other than semi-chemical or straw, rolls or sheets",
    "hs_chapter": 48,
    "hs_heading": 4805
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "corridor_rank": 11,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 76583988.95001963,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 41629035.43072052,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 89659195.59019752,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 88380758.68099561,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 70948095.17794979,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.540812881829119,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.3484564462369564,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.5320148669618847,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 111609624.46135528,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 85630212.10228999,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.072827748791003,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -2.3528,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.3321,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 89.4357109130313,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.685104076187528,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 89.4357109130313,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 14,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8025.3,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6855271844181845,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 34.743917592071085,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "corridor_rank": 33,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 28497951.926565494,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 32330349.70867826,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 30591706.603490334,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 31330054.261460256,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 29578722.587582313,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -14.718193662247769,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.8680128789491794,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -7.196464528911816,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 88393137.962558,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 207905053.78410593,
      "historical_peak_year": 2011,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.521729133335953,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.1184,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.9679,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 13.707195379751816,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.023449346143799232,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 52.25647547156822,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 24,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3223.42,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7265517147863082,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 78.58488377172948,
      "attention_level": "Critical attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "corridor_rank": 54,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15834935.613559779,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7388968.675697839,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 13355330.911714068,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11316889.375478446,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9334239.122059312,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 25.25758280368333,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 12.771987170737464,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.432360672595248,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15834935.613559779,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 208328236.18911946,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 20.825222131088083,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.9387,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.1821,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.600955061696435,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.859383921694337,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 31.807217057900093,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 32,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2495.55,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6078607185125735,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 67.70499509634806,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 480519,
      "corridor_rank": 58,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MAR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 15246056.321781473,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6198150.157648574,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10503489.441895356,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9497743.513507092,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7159294.568951389,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.178000697885377,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.957947027967187,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.22706355909599685,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 16630244.7767141,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 19670244.84636226,
      "historical_peak_year": 2013,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.405064256981372,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 87.713,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 24.0284,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 77.50821833110541,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.9237457691054942,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 77.50821833110543,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 25,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6070.2,
      "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "volatility_cv": 0.858366951124233,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 88.3575181027942,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 480519,
    "num_markets": 93,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CUW",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 93500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 122.04433535928308,
    "median_price_across_markets": 517.5762964736259,
    "price_spread_pct": 18041.38951123682,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5702.856363309353,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 791825767
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 240188620.62794685,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.573151736778826
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 293876073.5228245,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.352205010594467
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 246340301.41891664,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.175448220086526
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 229261052.6848667,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.933193081145762
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 267570311.49488205,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.70988524277334
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 164104488.72270834,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -38.66864832429391
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 91812886.20068255,
      "active_destinations": 46,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -44.05217863612421
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 91484856.9594775,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.3572801757784333
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 111472360.26386862,
      "active_destinations": 59,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.847881680838636
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 127041738.62431338,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.967030323561966
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 164333171.44954327,
      "active_destinations": 61,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 29.353685827228603
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 230246451.29442686,
      "active_destinations": 64,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.10954043147738
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 213089897.324735,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.45138692615635
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 172964374.09487835,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.83032641791928
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 173295918.64052057,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.19168371948107682
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}