{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/420100",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/420100",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/420100",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "420100",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 148,
    "current_lane_count": 99,
    "active_market_count": 99,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 22467624.95870587,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 22184979.076422628,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 24372096.8964369,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 25054523.05509703,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 18728505.150366604,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.723056582066635,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.378756448325305,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.702717024769349,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 10954664.848861452,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 41729542.35699087,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.425773606835982,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 5663333.635361766,
    "top_market_share_pct": 25.206641315095073,
    "destination_hhi": 1216.801092592862,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 14.068977248626984,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -3.9088987870279994,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.1404143566113834,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 71.1484896247852,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 27.027027027027028,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 420100,
      "hs_description": "Saddlery and harness: for any animal (including traces, leads, knee pads, muzzles, saddle cloths, saddle bags, dog coats and the like), of any materials",
      "hs_chapter": 42,
      "hs_heading": 4201,
      "substitution_elasticity": null,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Saddlery and harness: for any animal (including traces, leads, knee pads, muzzles, saddle cloths, saddle bags, dog coats and the like), of any materials",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4201,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 420100,
        "corridor_rank": 67,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5663333.635361766,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2802037.3248250405,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7645855.650332212,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7423598.759616062,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5632614.123176366,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.408134665561704,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.31457847071144,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.682640528477918,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 9455092.842732515,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15498610.342566462,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.090775194039622,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -10.4342,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.1063,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 36.540912444308596,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -18.099662422656834,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 36.54091244430859,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 55,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1958.69,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8956855001934201,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 56.89577132861914,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 420100,
        "corridor_rank": 88,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3947689.406430955,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2078009.4617365818,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5551694.761970635,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6542101.1573566925,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4798870.0216056425,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -23.383826663638963,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.17887543917299853,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.833941648433768,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8777717.617994197,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 111126886.59754291,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -38.217768312072735,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.9655,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.2732,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.5524160959605595,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.2746251449876178,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 25.876823960800767,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 98,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1298.74,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1324213248600898,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 56.47598801250992,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 420100,
      "num_markets": 127,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SAU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1557500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 18.30863121185702,
      "median_price_across_markets": 27715.916296766012,
      "price_spread_pct": 5619.4486759599595,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.927680672268906,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 115455639
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 6623799.610495965,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.228496350466564
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 8181928.697220922,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.523191798495404
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 5242896.203088763,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.92102306061935
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 6348426.1079942165,
        "active_destinations": 89,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.086244359637508
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 8025576.200132642,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 26.418360450419115
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5956201.168030804,
        "active_destinations": 94,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.784753399608075
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 10225786.03268577,
        "active_destinations": 93,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.68301983437783
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 14875272.373290818,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 45.468253743461865
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 13049182.792692775,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276007690970852
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 17905993.861480735,
        "active_destinations": 97,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.21927377327917
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 23921868.754480503,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.59698958649305
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 28234455.831693944,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.027801763629792
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 25975583.830865264,
        "active_destinations": 100,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.0004091961037
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 24955727.78202282,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.926210303810804
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 22184979.076422624,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.102656391356133
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "420100",
    "hs_description": "Saddlery and harness: for any animal (including traces, leads, knee pads, muzzles, saddle cloths, saddle bags, dog coats and the like), of any materials",
    "hs_chapter": 42,
    "hs_heading": 4201
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 420100,
      "corridor_rank": 67,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5663333.635361766,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2802037.3248250405,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7645855.650332212,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7423598.759616062,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5632614.123176366,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.408134665561704,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.31457847071144,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 12.682640528477918,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 9455092.842732515,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15498610.342566462,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.090775194039622,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -10.4342,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.1063,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 36.540912444308596,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -18.099662422656834,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 36.54091244430859,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 55,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1958.69,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8956855001934201,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 56.89577132861914,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 420100,
      "corridor_rank": 88,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3947689.406430955,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2078009.4617365818,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5551694.761970635,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6542101.1573566925,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4798870.0216056425,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -23.383826663638963,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.17887543917299853,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 14.833941648433768,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8777717.617994197,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 111126886.59754291,
      "historical_peak_year": 2021,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -38.217768312072735,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.9655,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.2732,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.5524160959605595,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.2746251449876178,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 25.876823960800767,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 98,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1298.74,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1324213248600898,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 56.47598801250992,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 420100,
    "num_markets": 127,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SAU",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1557500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 18.30863121185702,
    "median_price_across_markets": 27715.916296766012,
    "price_spread_pct": 5619.4486759599595,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 20.927680672268906,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 115455639
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 6623799.610495965,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.228496350466564
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 8181928.697220922,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.523191798495404
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 5242896.203088763,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.92102306061935
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 6348426.1079942165,
      "active_destinations": 89,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.086244359637508
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 8025576.200132642,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 26.418360450419115
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5956201.168030804,
      "active_destinations": 94,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.784753399608075
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 10225786.03268577,
      "active_destinations": 93,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.68301983437783
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 14875272.373290818,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 45.468253743461865
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 13049182.792692775,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.276007690970852
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 17905993.861480735,
      "active_destinations": 97,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.21927377327917
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 23921868.754480503,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 33.59698958649305
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 28234455.831693944,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.027801763629792
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 25975583.830865264,
      "active_destinations": 100,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.0004091961037
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 24955727.78202282,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.926210303810804
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 22184979.076422624,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.102656391356133
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}