{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/401150",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/401150",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/401150",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "401150",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 131,
    "current_lane_count": 60,
    "active_market_count": 60,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 9578146.817605147,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 9476303.189793972,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9140034.329354875,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 8416294.139046516,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5915429.172979755,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.337618044538407,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 19.05630363618849,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.822985019018057,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3468302.7976457896,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 16404947.449187633,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -0.4853669744796507,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 3293024.296588354,
    "top_market_share_pct": 34.38059949692563,
    "destination_hhi": 1745.6466839762554,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 4.819459390629389,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.3308515540228672,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.506124858590041,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 84.57709890223933,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 41.221374045801525,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 401150,
      "hs_description": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on bicycles",
      "hs_chapter": 40,
      "hs_heading": 4011,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.2441463,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on bicycles",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4011,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 401150,
        "corridor_rank": 48,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3293024.296588354,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1052570.5858810667,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4147585.372121781,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3674486.1313946275,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2305951.115250591,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5179738745185514,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 26.575705817105423,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.334608427877946,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4851254.755519516,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 42444019.66796183,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.852582302396497,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.0128,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.3996,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.758511852434277,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.7599486716310926,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.300975603231176,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 56,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1613.99,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2146519781501843,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 68.7008508605527,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 401150,
        "corridor_rank": 100,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1447448.036226586,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 157457.00189324538,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 923600.8470339264,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 751931.345071198,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 428201.10592136235,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.80561142516729,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 54.751594467852314,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 31.58972222594958,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1447448.036226586,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 76051996.52446574,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.215889199217713,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.0796,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.5735,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.9032347635488378,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.100852665233647,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.22309474843918,
        "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
        "supplier_count_latest": 54,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1878.34,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9969424218772898,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.25444160317922,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 401150,
      "num_markets": 96,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUS",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1191000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 34.11764705882353,
      "median_price_across_markets": 19000,
      "price_spread_pct": 6268.241486068112,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.852977124183006,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 25528687
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2344947.952652615,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.12603768100049678
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 3103364.223008617,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 32.34256306192545
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 3116969.626569111,
        "active_destinations": 35,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.43840821066449137
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 4271203.993036956,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.03065813119025
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4897696.302251348,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.667815216405472
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 3406988.001028641,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.436928082647057
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 3335762.0879258094,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0905830334984183
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 3524780.4703052044,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.66642276628689
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2843632.547880844,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.32454880985484
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 3961657.9274244737,
        "active_destinations": 62,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 39.316802038182246
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 6780425.122095835,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.15120099487943
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 7880942.585072126,
        "active_destinations": 80,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.230803277953164
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 8245934.608369009,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.631324481264977
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 9697865.189901643,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.607835260529868
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 9476303.18979397,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.2846471441816276
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "401150",
    "hs_description": "Rubber: new pneumatic tyres, of a kind used on bicycles",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4011
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 401150,
      "corridor_rank": 48,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3293024.296588354,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1052570.5858810667,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4147585.372121781,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3674486.1313946275,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2305951.115250591,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5179738745185514,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 26.575705817105423,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.334608427877946,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4851254.755519516,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 42444019.66796183,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -10.852582302396497,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.0128,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.3996,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.758511852434277,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.7599486716310926,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.300975603231176,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 56,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1613.99,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2146519781501843,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 68.7008508605527,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 401150,
      "corridor_rank": 100,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1447448.036226586,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 157457.00189324538,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 923600.8470339264,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 751931.345071198,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 428201.10592136235,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 36.80561142516729,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 54.751594467852314,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 31.58972222594958,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1447448.036226586,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 76051996.52446574,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60.714285714285715,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.215889199217713,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.0796,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.5735,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.9032347635488378,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.100852665233647,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.22309474843918,
      "peer_top_exporter": "VNM",
      "supplier_count_latest": 54,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1878.34,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9969424218772898,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.25444160317922,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 401150,
    "num_markets": 96,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUS",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1191000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GMB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 34.11764705882353,
    "median_price_across_markets": 19000,
    "price_spread_pct": 6268.241486068112,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.852977124183006,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 25528687
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 2344947.952652615,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.12603768100049678
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 3103364.223008617,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 32.34256306192545
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 3116969.626569111,
      "active_destinations": 35,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.43840821066449137
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 4271203.993036956,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 37.03065813119025
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4897696.302251348,
      "active_destinations": 47,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.667815216405472
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 3406988.001028641,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.436928082647057
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 3335762.0879258094,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.0905830334984183
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 3524780.4703052044,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.66642276628689
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 2843632.547880844,
      "active_destinations": 51,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.32454880985484
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 3961657.9274244737,
      "active_destinations": 62,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 39.316802038182246
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 6780425.122095835,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.15120099487943
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 7880942.585072126,
      "active_destinations": 80,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.230803277953164
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 8245934.608369009,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.631324481264977
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 9697865.189901643,
      "active_destinations": 69,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.607835260529868
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 9476303.18979397,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.2846471441816276
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}