{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/400942",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/400942",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/400942",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "400942",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 169,
    "current_lane_count": 131,
    "active_market_count": 131,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 36955619.2056291,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 36552814.779002525,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 38916767.53575183,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 41401755.14044799,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 36102209.84885601,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.542634322869507,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.0737430781696764,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -0.09378819045032794,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 41221213.95900188,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 143356668.95344096,
    "historical_peak_year": 2005,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.44884613241918,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 9325418.603252515,
    "top_market_share_pct": 25.23410188681688,
    "destination_hhi": 1036.1157884063948,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 9.192015104948236,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6731852826426723,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.8938964007431683,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 90.39608827968873,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 15.976331360946746,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 400942,
      "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, with fittings",
      "hs_chapter": 40,
      "hs_heading": 4009,
      "substitution_elasticity": -2.2940154,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, with fittings",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4009,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 400942,
        "corridor_rank": 33,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 9325418.603252515,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 16367776.44928247,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10317825.78033364,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9812643.557688257,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9228247.024775472,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5765207088215152,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.4704470902796603,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.327612368955556,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 50506869.04276298,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 62123003.939527735,
        "historical_peak_year": 2005,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.751091660134041,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.3457,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.2103,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 15.011216476798412,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09695208538405531,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 20.357367890604742,
        "peer_top_exporter": "POL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 75,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1149.31,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.717021515074947,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 86.96320946531164,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 400942,
      "num_markets": 149,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BRN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2123666.6666666665,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 326.9230769230769,
      "median_price_across_markets": 23235.772357723577,
      "price_spread_pct": 9138.23612531625,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.243818923327893,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 174573254
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 41634723.84327827,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.464647659492297
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 46590316.288644746,
        "active_destinations": 113,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.90254669160376
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 34554923.80491998,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.832390596279552
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 36324081.74541097,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.11984326887474
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 36897412.06610827,
        "active_destinations": 128,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.5783752627682934
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 33364567.92449821,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.574774879279722
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 28792253.316668425,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.704102562264945
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 27493375.86340766,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.511204590259762
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 31375533.119546562,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.120336751027596
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 32987592.562199287,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.137950760901755
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 35615835.99428407,
        "active_destinations": 130,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.967369631867305
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 54642637.100700416,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.42230660953719
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 38616876.53672614,
        "active_destinations": 137,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.328307370013178
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 41580611.29152678,
        "active_destinations": 133,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.674713805457606
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 36552814.779002555,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.091684937659346
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "400942",
    "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), tubing, piping and hoses, reinforced or otherwise combined with materials other than metal or textiles, with fittings",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4009
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 400942,
      "corridor_rank": 33,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 9325418.603252515,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 16367776.44928247,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 10317825.78033364,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 9812643.557688257,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9228247.024775472,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.5765207088215152,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.4704470902796603,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -2.327612368955556,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 50506869.04276298,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 62123003.939527735,
      "historical_peak_year": 2005,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 1.751091660134041,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -22.3457,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 7.2103,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 15.011216476798412,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09695208538405531,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 20.357367890604742,
      "peer_top_exporter": "POL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 75,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1149.31,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.717021515074947,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 86.96320946531164,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 400942,
    "num_markets": 149,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BRN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 2123666.6666666665,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 326.9230769230769,
    "median_price_across_markets": 23235.772357723577,
    "price_spread_pct": 9138.23612531625,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.243818923327893,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 174573254
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 41634723.84327827,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.464647659492297
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 46590316.288644746,
      "active_destinations": 113,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.90254669160376
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 34554923.80491998,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.832390596279552
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 36324081.74541097,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.11984326887474
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 36897412.06610827,
      "active_destinations": 128,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.5783752627682934
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 33364567.92449821,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.574774879279722
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 28792253.316668425,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.704102562264945
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 27493375.86340766,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.511204590259762
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 31375533.119546562,
      "active_destinations": 131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.120336751027596
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 32987592.562199287,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.137950760901755
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 35615835.99428407,
      "active_destinations": 130,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.967369631867305
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 54642637.100700416,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.42230660953719
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 38616876.53672614,
      "active_destinations": 137,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.328307370013178
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 41580611.29152678,
      "active_destinations": 133,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.674713805457606
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 36552814.779002555,
      "active_destinations": 131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.091684937659346
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}