{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/400829",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/400829",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/400829",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "400829",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 157,
    "current_lane_count": 102,
    "active_market_count": 102,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 55328869.07173,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 54991959.71991908,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 52884134.1859096,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 47160911.699146,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 37298022.61466895,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.820108515136482,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.306839536583224,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.316800838750057,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 53228407.76759783,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 158581588.92288825,
    "historical_peak_year": 2008,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 4.5033076763864255,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "MAR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 23343275.378050063,
    "top_market_share_pct": 42.19004611821568,
    "destination_hhi": 2144.9948380966966,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 43.01492720394603,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.627013026069185,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.254908533672812,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 88.21159799252898,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 22.929936305732483,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), non-cellular rubber, in forms other than plates, sheets or strip",
      "hs_chapter": 40,
      "hs_heading": 4008,
      "substitution_elasticity": -5.6645484,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way vertical trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), non-cellular rubber, in forms other than plates, sheets or strip",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4008,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 400829,
        "corridor_rank": 2,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MAR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23343275.378050063,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3357184.073003752,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 20316211.321715597,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16864028.021617297,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9370668.863038052,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.134793322299416,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 31.55532432765391,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 60.035774056874146,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23343275.378050063,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30034087.08502712,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -38.90098073457473,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.6688,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.89,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 77.72260669007443,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.3811364189510869,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 77.7226066900744,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 28,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6199.63,
        "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9214080246376664,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 90.00814106123134,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 400829,
        "corridor_rank": 40,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6035692.245728201,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 20410991.78959812,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5817277.593337085,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6194319.8524728045,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6368692.559957755,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.980075275370145,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.1527621417871003,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.938517119256751,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 47423106.94778093,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 177874241.8308065,
        "historical_peak_year": 2007,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.9584418438866065,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -10.855,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.0848,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 3.3932356835956807,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3989214022956369,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 25.899778837059955,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 67,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1109.63,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6564414918692535,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 91.5964415816633,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 400829,
        "corridor_rank": 53,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3975466.658073285,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4395459.157976653,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3045550.997780708,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2686761.830581807,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2161041.672607391,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.293995847894706,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.169862491104546,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.103890277734859,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12225503.947096748,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 68144812.11083186,
        "historical_peak_year": 2008,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.190105570159847,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 17.9368,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.8689,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.833850787654268,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.6756351594181282,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 24.859801096606667,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 57,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1259.7,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6331780286696005,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 88.8218515069799,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 400829,
        "corridor_rank": 68,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3145131.441927856,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2807735.6770183565,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4849064.07865757,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4043646.0582272126,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4294093.902598467,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.265051762309466,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.8900049400570875,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.375364427144662,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8645417.350151923,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 36244291.27267838,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.640416189454129,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.6021,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.3859,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.677591232963945,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -7.69129504488879,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.748085214341614,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 43,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2575.26,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.6189405114603974,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 72.19961753702242,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 400829,
        "corridor_rank": 71,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2803468.661039434,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 942213.5402068101,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3613988.700993512,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2613249.1488041985,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1764445.760091846,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 38.69439517350774,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.927335055860723,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 22.004079178999405,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4146658.081266188,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 34285777.53000824,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.69031599450834,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.6132,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.3397,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.176768511624767,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.722521049952938,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.156303779921366,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 53,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2420.46,
        "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1129373592463196,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 84.84076259098264,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "num_markets": 120,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KEN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3464000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "OMN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 50.516129032258064,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9559.789380602115,
      "price_spread_pct": 36234.57950757482,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 64.67935355648534,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 207190431
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 61880330.08995249,
        "active_destinations": 90,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.168289140706315
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 68983486.62262207,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.478860119757055
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 45598486.18264902,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -33.89941794027022
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 41152215.30564999,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.750917737025464
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 36037661.287471205,
        "active_destinations": 109,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -12.428380781426805
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 26632626.071800813,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.097795693917934
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 20911535.951148078,
        "active_destinations": 104,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.48150957862299
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 26283609.321930945,
        "active_destinations": 99,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 25.689520766588796
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 31160196.73088464,
        "active_destinations": 96,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.55372049258353
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 32187699.575195037,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.297485099931924
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 34477332.520294905,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.1133786363047165
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 42674823.41770631,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 23.776464993589613
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 48265940.693189025,
        "active_destinations": 105,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.101676416457977
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 55394502.14462067,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.769341173200386
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 54991959.71991909,
        "active_destinations": 102,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7266829903997424
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "400829",
    "hs_description": "Rubber: vulcanised (other than hard rubber), non-cellular rubber, in forms other than plates, sheets or strip",
    "hs_chapter": 40,
    "hs_heading": 4008
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "corridor_rank": 2,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MAR",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23343275.378050063,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 3357184.073003752,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 20316211.321715597,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 16864028.021617297,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9370668.863038052,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 21.134793322299416,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 31.55532432765391,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 60.035774056874146,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 23343275.378050063,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 30034087.08502712,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -38.90098073457473,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.6688,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.89,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 77.72260669007443,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.3811364189510869,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 77.7226066900744,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 28,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6199.63,
      "distance_km": 762.6525268554688,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.4768519003587878,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.4695611095118484,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9214080246376664,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 90.00814106123134,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "corridor_rank": 40,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 6035692.245728201,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 20410991.78959812,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5817277.593337085,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6194319.8524728045,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6368692.559957755,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.980075275370145,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 1.1527621417871003,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.938517119256751,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 47423106.94778093,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 177874241.8308065,
      "historical_peak_year": 2007,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.9584418438866065,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -10.855,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.0848,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 3.3932356835956807,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.3989214022956369,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 25.899778837059955,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
      "supplier_count_latest": 67,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1109.63,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6564414918692535,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 91.5964415816633,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "corridor_rank": 53,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3975466.658073285,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4395459.157976653,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3045550.997780708,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2686761.830581807,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2161041.672607391,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 17.293995847894706,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 16.169862491104546,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.103890277734859,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 12225503.947096748,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 68144812.11083186,
      "historical_peak_year": 2008,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.190105570159847,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 17.9368,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 3.8689,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.833850787654268,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.6756351594181282,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 24.859801096606667,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 57,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1259.7,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6331780286696005,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 88.8218515069799,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "corridor_rank": 68,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3145131.441927856,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2807735.6770183565,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4849064.07865757,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 4043646.0582272126,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 4294093.902598467,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.265051762309466,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.8900049400570875,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.375364427144662,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 8645417.350151923,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 36244291.27267838,
      "historical_peak_year": 2017,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.640416189454129,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.6021,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 2.3859,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 8.677591232963945,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -7.69129504488879,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 47.748085214341614,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 43,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2575.26,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.6189405114603974,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 72.19961753702242,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 400829,
      "corridor_rank": 71,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2803468.661039434,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 942213.5402068101,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3613988.700993512,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2613249.1488041985,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1764445.760091846,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 38.69439517350774,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 13.927335055860723,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 22.004079178999405,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4146658.081266188,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 34285777.53000824,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.69031599450834,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.6132,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.3397,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 8.176768511624767,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.722521049952938,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 46.156303779921366,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 53,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2420.46,
      "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1129373592463196,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 84.84076259098264,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 400829,
    "num_markets": 120,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "KEN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3464000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "OMN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 50.516129032258064,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9559.789380602115,
    "price_spread_pct": 36234.57950757482,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 64.67935355648534,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 207190431
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 61880330.08995249,
      "active_destinations": 90,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.168289140706315
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 68983486.62262207,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.478860119757055
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 45598486.18264902,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -33.89941794027022
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 41152215.30564999,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.750917737025464
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 36037661.287471205,
      "active_destinations": 109,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -12.428380781426805
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 26632626.071800813,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.097795693917934
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 20911535.951148078,
      "active_destinations": 104,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.48150957862299
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 26283609.321930945,
      "active_destinations": 99,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 25.689520766588796
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 31160196.73088464,
      "active_destinations": 96,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.55372049258353
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 32187699.575195037,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.297485099931924
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 34477332.520294905,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.1133786363047165
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 42674823.41770631,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 23.776464993589613
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 48265940.693189025,
      "active_destinations": 105,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.101676416457977
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 55394502.14462067,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.769341173200386
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 54991959.71991909,
      "active_destinations": 102,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7266829903997424
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}