{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/360690",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/360690",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/360690",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "360690",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 123,
    "current_lane_count": 55,
    "active_market_count": 55,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5384732.451389496,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4583706.930558701,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5444909.521743641,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5625724.766643952,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5696659.514153543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.556247670299811,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -7.472908605974227,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.901364587281812,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 3907349.4684911883,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 13683832.803750135,
    "historical_peak_year": 2018,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -18.457612257581623,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1777037.4642318995,
    "top_market_share_pct": 33.001406853061866,
    "destination_hhi": 1802.9329508682454,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 23.221317198559394,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 9.923706588252507,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0408907839129586,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 87.11330067890852,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 35.77235772357724,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 360690,
      "hs_description": "Ferro-cerium and other pyrophoric alloys in all forms: articles of combustible materials n.e.s. in chapter 36",
      "hs_chapter": 36,
      "hs_heading": 3606,
      "substitution_elasticity": -6.6026077,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Ferro-cerium and other pyrophoric alloys in all forms: articles of combustible materials n.e.s. in chapter 36",
    "hs_chapter": 36,
    "hs_heading": 3606,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 360690,
        "corridor_rank": 26,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 17,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1777037.4642318995,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1040750.8278262401,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1839439.4450936753,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1877531.3267588324,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1762186.253063599,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.9160547586067604,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.167210714499949,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 112.63053019790767,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2442999.9147652844,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18257684.239598107,
        "historical_peak_year": 2019,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.5,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -120.54658495651444,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 26.3383,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.4967,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 9.733093424727866,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.218125104880606,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 29.026754175000015,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 31,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1613.52,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9513336237604505,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.4629446902473,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 360690,
        "corridor_rank": 31,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1056397.5353119052,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 887635.6875678337,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1816061.6254465927,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2035665.7506839267,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2375531.7063538646,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -24.150401277489475,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -16.267668189769747,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.9415965711958916,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3085058.421391022,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37343574.48478331,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.208804706293584,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.409,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.391,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.8288602520960175,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.6138778052811507,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 27.523535661319993,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 41,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1849.36,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2767170854541916,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.11007140185508,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 360690,
      "num_markets": 86,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "EGY",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 657450,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 392.02614379084963,
      "median_price_across_markets": 9600,
      "price_spread_pct": 6844.353894335512,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 15.556203846153846,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 30988542
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 1408034.4352351415,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.94391909382092
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1222261.2198363396,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.193797733205145
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2714621.857075739,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 122.0983381473255
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2590842.1930600833,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.5597387235728855
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2142631.431452214,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.299809413651744
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 3289369.0179445967,
        "active_destinations": 49,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.52005807714476
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 5644596.663190238,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 71.6011986614179
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 6031485.95501667,
        "active_destinations": 58,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.854153005287854
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 7113677.721403636,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 17.94237397646357
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 6758841.95076053,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.988077679924629
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5388192.085358039,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.279359620892766
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 6405703.182630796,
        "active_destinations": 50,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.884091011487115
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 6722159.142223844,
        "active_destinations": 57,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.940222026695298
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 5028862.492448375,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -25.18977331463903
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 4583706.930558702,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.852013006085244
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "360690",
    "hs_description": "Ferro-cerium and other pyrophoric alloys in all forms: articles of combustible materials n.e.s. in chapter 36",
    "hs_chapter": 36,
    "hs_heading": 3606
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 360690,
      "corridor_rank": 26,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 17,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1777037.4642318995,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1040750.8278262401,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1839439.4450936753,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1877531.3267588324,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1762186.253063599,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.9160547586067604,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -6.167210714499949,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 112.63053019790767,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2442999.9147652844,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 18257684.239598107,
      "historical_peak_year": 2019,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.5,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -120.54658495651444,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 26.3383,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 12.4967,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 9.733093424727866,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.218125104880606,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 29.026754175000015,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 31,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1613.52,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9513336237604505,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.4629446902473,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 360690,
      "corridor_rank": 31,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1056397.5353119052,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 887635.6875678337,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1816061.6254465927,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2035665.7506839267,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2375531.7063538646,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -24.150401277489475,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -16.267668189769747,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.9415965711958916,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3085058.421391022,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 37343574.48478331,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.208804706293584,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 14.409,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.391,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.8288602520960175,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.6138778052811507,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 27.523535661319993,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 41,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1849.36,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2767170854541916,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 92.11007140185508,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 360690,
    "num_markets": 86,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "EGY",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 657450,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IND",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 392.02614379084963,
    "median_price_across_markets": 9600,
    "price_spread_pct": 6844.353894335512,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 15.556203846153846,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 30988542
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 1408034.4352351415,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.94391909382092
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1222261.2198363396,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.193797733205145
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 2714621.857075739,
      "active_destinations": 41,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 122.0983381473255
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2590842.1930600833,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.5597387235728855
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2142631.431452214,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.299809413651744
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 3289369.0179445967,
      "active_destinations": 49,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.52005807714476
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 5644596.663190238,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 71.6011986614179
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 6031485.95501667,
      "active_destinations": 58,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.854153005287854
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 7113677.721403636,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 17.94237397646357
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 6758841.95076053,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.988077679924629
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 5388192.085358039,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -20.279359620892766
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 6405703.182630796,
      "active_destinations": 50,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.884091011487115
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 6722159.142223844,
      "active_destinations": 57,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.940222026695298
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 5028862.492448375,
      "active_destinations": 48,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -25.18977331463903
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 4583706.930558702,
      "active_destinations": 55,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.852013006085244
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}