{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/340399",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/340399",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/340399",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "340399",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 175,
    "current_lane_count": 148,
    "active_market_count": 148,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 128313189.84597138,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 126779382.77522443,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 123868112.08194792,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 114633172.71412809,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 105722374.72802886,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.696067232288792,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.163132376305013,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 2.5012851713926754,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 63188251.44170595,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 197990354.4844759,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 86.20689655172414,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.1947820608961166,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 23180106.605093885,
    "top_market_share_pct": 18.06525629432138,
    "destination_hhi": 577.8782401844264,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 7.281710468761688,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6317081460385936,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.940569589953662,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 69.80784944362438,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 10.857142857142858,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 340399,
      "hs_description": "Lubricating preparations: other than for the treatment of textile and similar materials, not containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals",
      "hs_chapter": 34,
      "hs_heading": 3403,
      "substitution_elasticity": -3.9606996,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Lubricating preparations: other than for the treatment of textile and similar materials, not containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals",
    "hs_chapter": 34,
    "hs_heading": 3403,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 340399,
        "corridor_rank": 43,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23180106.605093885,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10979711.52111032,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23216770.897348892,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21724533.19578365,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 20136554.545827802,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.416522923784607,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.038595427400459,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.978362995830584,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 25060288.95135008,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 262809409.04065862,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.438159927954023,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.8786,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9757,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 8.82012051612191,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.13120082510438813,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 18.478022526060112,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 96,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1125.49,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.786241822170122,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 43.076954701488376,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 340399,
        "corridor_rank": 97,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 9388087.75927408,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4107776.0480728117,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7182196.705800115,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6110353.207726106,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6559640.747120926,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 20.54218636894598,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.613297710784914,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.328572554813986,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 10174214.654059486,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150675079.04157645,
        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.213613814131994,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.3619,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9416,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.230683812472789,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.390109733886325,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 26.921280872801447,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 101,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1697.85,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.7306689418168044,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 65.47002594288351,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 340399,
      "num_markets": 160,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "VEN",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 455250,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 140.86687306501548,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5631.467621217052,
      "price_spread_pct": 8081.536887689297,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 163.34451540616254,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 534112153
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 77521568.32770847,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.46914700274974
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 105484819.49139613,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 36.071575649086526
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 111368951.79041933,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.578179236968913
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 115366263.85373108,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.589251760970269
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 99027434.18051791,
        "active_destinations": 132,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.162571558985917
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 89056216.00723644,
        "active_destinations": 131,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.069147257824394
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 93278296.85717215,
        "active_destinations": 142,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.740916512321427
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 96385029.7767077,
        "active_destinations": 143,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.330606394210414
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 106771448.3682135,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.775966574443888
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 98566892.70031837,
        "active_destinations": 155,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.684222508250327
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 91088176.20032845,
        "active_destinations": 145,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.587452840507121
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 110473351.12446815,
        "active_destinations": 144,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 21.281768647454587
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 122110715.49619424,
        "active_destinations": 151,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.53409193554245
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 122714237.97442512,
        "active_destinations": 152,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.49424202927521815
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 126779382.77522446,
        "active_destinations": 148,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.312692046090493
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "340399",
    "hs_description": "Lubricating preparations: other than for the treatment of textile and similar materials, not containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals",
    "hs_chapter": 34,
    "hs_heading": 3403
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 340399,
      "corridor_rank": 43,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23180106.605093885,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 10979711.52111032,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 23216770.897348892,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 21724533.19578365,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 20136554.545827802,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 6.416522923784607,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 3.038595427400459,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.978362995830584,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 25060288.95135008,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 262809409.04065862,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.438159927954023,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -8.8786,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9757,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 8.82012051612191,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.13120082510438813,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 18.478022526060112,
      "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 96,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1125.49,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.786241822170122,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 43.076954701488376,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 340399,
      "corridor_rank": 97,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 9388087.75927408,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4107776.0480728117,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 7182196.705800115,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6110353.207726106,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 6559640.747120926,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 20.54218636894598,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.613297710784914,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.328572554813986,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 10174214.654059486,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 150675079.04157645,
      "historical_peak_year": 2013,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.213613814131994,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.3619,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9416,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.230683812472789,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.390109733886325,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 26.921280872801447,
      "peer_top_exporter": "BEL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 101,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1697.85,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.7306689418168044,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 65.47002594288351,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 340399,
    "num_markets": 160,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "VEN",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 455250,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "LBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 140.86687306501548,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5631.467621217052,
    "price_spread_pct": 8081.536887689297,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 163.34451540616254,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 534112153
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 77521568.32770847,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.46914700274974
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 105484819.49139613,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 36.071575649086526
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 111368951.79041933,
      "active_destinations": 131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.578179236968913
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 115366263.85373108,
      "active_destinations": 131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.589251760970269
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 99027434.18051791,
      "active_destinations": 132,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.162571558985917
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 89056216.00723644,
      "active_destinations": 131,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.069147257824394
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 93278296.85717215,
      "active_destinations": 142,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.740916512321427
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 96385029.7767077,
      "active_destinations": 143,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.330606394210414
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 106771448.3682135,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.775966574443888
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 98566892.70031837,
      "active_destinations": 155,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.684222508250327
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 91088176.20032845,
      "active_destinations": 145,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.587452840507121
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 110473351.12446815,
      "active_destinations": 144,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 21.281768647454587
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 122110715.49619424,
      "active_destinations": 151,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.53409193554245
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 122714237.97442512,
      "active_destinations": 152,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.49424202927521815
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 126779382.77522446,
      "active_destinations": 148,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.312692046090493
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}