{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/330520",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/330520",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/330520",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "330520",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 162,
    "current_lane_count": 111,
    "active_market_count": 111,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 5013458.743707781,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4882741.0534810545,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 4997847.102746167,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 5532589.644723362,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5403671.2497027675,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.642983371930267,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.7501714340494097,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -1.8569315588887747,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 7412428.999184429,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 26689267.372282546,
    "historical_peak_year": 2010,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.786051813041492,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 892453.094414329,
    "top_market_share_pct": 17.801145676812762,
    "destination_hhi": 824.1533338179756,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 22.68996375549667,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.4573649693118363,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.876441215637743,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 88.21747645337759,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 20.37037037037037,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 330520,
      "hs_description": "Hair preparations: for permanent waving or straightening",
      "hs_chapter": 33,
      "hs_heading": 3305,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.0711174,
      "price_range_label": "Unclassified",
      "trade_type_label": "Two-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Hair preparations: for permanent waving or straightening",
    "hs_chapter": 33,
    "hs_heading": 3305,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 330520,
        "corridor_rank": 10,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 129679.50164390757,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 123636.47042077118,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 128992.16718582068,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 118608.89048407502,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 138521.22486354632,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.28538979333956327,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.5988836231861656,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.076016547781893,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 247846.6150847267,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10229989.488103671,
        "historical_peak_year": 2012,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.361406341121456,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 34.9488,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.3512,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.2676406148286885,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6519333095176945,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 48.732212269746796,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 39,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2719.29,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5548927184266995,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 77.99468727319285,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 330520,
      "num_markets": 131,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3645500,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 109.45399393326592,
      "median_price_across_markets": 7373.060407506886,
      "price_spread_pct": 49442.02738790137,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.064876208897486,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 27359762
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 15398278.074976321,
        "active_destinations": 103,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.913434363346116
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 11841154.799357295,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.100786063863158
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 8027342.622658359,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.208110115289934
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 6861835.075407161,
        "active_destinations": 101,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.519220145922022
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 5889350.100102055,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.172374658063347
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5449188.752559305,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.473852633334232
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 4434003.871499656,
        "active_destinations": 112,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.630018653379373
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 5094278.051926537,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.891150291295654
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 5485253.985351245,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.674805525718202
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 5911039.612074101,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.762368485761038
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 6668418.35493155,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.812953263084209
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 6000988.560446765,
        "active_destinations": 114,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.008817068161223
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 4943083.125420441,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.62885271935204
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 5167717.129337005,
        "active_destinations": 110,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.54441081035751
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 4882741.053481054,
        "active_destinations": 111,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.514544792673528
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "330520",
    "hs_description": "Hair preparations: for permanent waving or straightening",
    "hs_chapter": 33,
    "hs_heading": 3305
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 330520,
      "corridor_rank": 10,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 129679.50164390757,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 123636.47042077118,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 128992.16718582068,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 118608.89048407502,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 138521.22486354632,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.28538979333956327,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.5988836231861656,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -6.076016547781893,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 247846.6150847267,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10229989.488103671,
      "historical_peak_year": 2012,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.361406341121456,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 34.9488,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 14.3512,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.2676406148286885,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.6519333095176945,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 48.732212269746796,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 39,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2719.29,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5548927184266995,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 77.99468727319285,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 330520,
    "num_markets": 131,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SGP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 3645500,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "SEN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 109.45399393326592,
    "median_price_across_markets": 7373.060407506886,
    "price_spread_pct": 49442.02738790137,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 8.064876208897486,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 27359762
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 15398278.074976321,
      "active_destinations": 103,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.913434363346116
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 11841154.799357295,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.100786063863158
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 8027342.622658359,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.208110115289934
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 6861835.075407161,
      "active_destinations": 101,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.519220145922022
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 5889350.100102055,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.172374658063347
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5449188.752559305,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.473852633334232
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 4434003.871499656,
      "active_destinations": 112,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -18.630018653379373
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 5094278.051926537,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.891150291295654
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 5485253.985351245,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.674805525718202
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 5911039.612074101,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.762368485761038
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 6668418.35493155,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.812953263084209
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 6000988.560446765,
      "active_destinations": 114,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.008817068161223
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 4943083.125420441,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.62885271935204
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 5167717.129337005,
      "active_destinations": 110,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 4.54441081035751
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 4882741.053481054,
      "active_destinations": 111,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -5.514544792673528
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}