{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/320611",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/320611",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/320611",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "320611",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 135,
    "current_lane_count": 71,
    "active_market_count": 71,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 152851371.16598862,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 147803622.0467775,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 166173664.63184926,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 169022634.8043194,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 161279401.22522143,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.013889537307461,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -3.836612720500554,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.08436538761331658,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 126419246.6438825,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 358496975.0063493,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.098254924920777,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "USA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 32619365.877903547,
    "top_market_share_pct": 21.34057786271385,
    "destination_hhi": 1100.6795491956204,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.526087679924773,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6010296498608533,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.6764646454073838,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 81.30485412009955,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 23.703703703703702,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 320611,
      "hs_description": "Colouring matter: pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter",
      "hs_chapter": 32,
      "hs_heading": 3206,
      "substitution_elasticity": -12.921891,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Colouring matter: pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3206,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 320611,
        "corridor_rank": 69,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "USA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 32619365.877903547,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 17795213.03683922,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 34493321.17089161,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 32921581.978026964,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26515151.454465132,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.147342784818036,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.8717346309260576,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.566130062986456,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 41902488.52611722,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 580986723.9997677,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.5812127218315801,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 0.9276,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.8695,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 5.61447698035809,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5839466741320507,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 50.02243819006892,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 34,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2738.54,
        "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5511202795377165,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 88.14564826713658,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 320611,
        "corridor_rank": 73,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 31890331.48647581,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 15289801.278415024,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 31333706.57713544,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 30508100.54158651,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26203952.117406838,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.921655909355724,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.224293395932466,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.01053970258556,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 35661972.84950472,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 403633908.45093685,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.9321956119412835,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.7078,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.0309,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.900805858671359,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.90859047512222,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 18.801794661217695,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 34,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1159.93,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.5966494613056064,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 66.15520517252959,
        "attention_level": "Stable",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 320611,
      "num_markets": 107,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CYP",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 188000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "JAM",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 194.77777777777777,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3160.4381765299695,
      "price_spread_pct": 5942.379244020669,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 744.2719413265306,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 860221845
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 66258907.55846415,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.216595793785636
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 111726837.94337583,
        "active_destinations": 76,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 68.62161188636054
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 126837147.7196014,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.524333145348308
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 152840899.19721094,
        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.50168420303489
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 146562437.56097364,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -4.107841336458104
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 126858344.80363706,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.444162832744366
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 131486531.35923576,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.6483106907650704
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 158744149.62725213,
        "active_destinations": 82,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.73035008699525
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 170855298.60138616,
        "active_destinations": 77,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.629351382442927
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 179736513.83910632,
        "active_destinations": 81,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.198091783176403
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 162756066.08099034,
        "active_destinations": 83,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.447411321951122
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 183836114.04505894,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.951927674129687
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 197983214.42976218,
        "active_destinations": 79,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.695495772520376
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 152734157.4190081,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.85499664255978
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 147803622.04677746,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -3.228181210771542
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "320611",
    "hs_description": "Colouring matter: pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide, containing 80% or more by weight of titanium dioxide calculated on the dry matter",
    "hs_chapter": 32,
    "hs_heading": 3206
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 320611,
      "corridor_rank": 69,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "USA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 32619365.877903547,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 17795213.03683922,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 34493321.17089161,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 32921581.978026964,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26515151.454465132,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 11.147342784818036,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -0.8717346309260576,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.566130062986456,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 41902488.52611722,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 580986723.9997677,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 0.5812127218315801,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 0.9276,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.8695,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 5.61447698035809,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.5839466741320507,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 50.02243819006892,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CAN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 34,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2738.54,
      "distance_km": 5770.26416015625,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.04674475463696969,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5511202795377165,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 88.14564826713658,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 320611,
      "corridor_rank": 73,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 31890331.48647581,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 15289801.278415024,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 31333706.57713544,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 30508100.54158651,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 26203952.117406838,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -1.921655909355724,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.224293395932466,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.01053970258556,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 35661972.84950472,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 403633908.45093685,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -7.9321956119412835,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 6.7078,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.0309,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 7.900805858671359,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.90859047512222,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 18.801794661217695,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 34,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1159.93,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.5966494613056064,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 66.15520517252959,
      "attention_level": "Stable",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No material risk condition is currently identified",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 320611,
    "num_markets": 107,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CYP",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 188000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "JAM",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 194.77777777777777,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3160.4381765299695,
    "price_spread_pct": 5942.379244020669,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 744.2719413265306,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 860221845
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 66258907.55846415,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.216595793785636
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 111726837.94337583,
      "active_destinations": 76,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 68.62161188636054
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 126837147.7196014,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.524333145348308
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 152840899.19721094,
      "active_destinations": 78,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.50168420303489
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 146562437.56097364,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -4.107841336458104
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 126858344.80363706,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.444162832744366
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 131486531.35923576,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.6483106907650704
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 158744149.62725213,
      "active_destinations": 82,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.73035008699525
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 170855298.60138616,
      "active_destinations": 77,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.629351382442927
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 179736513.83910632,
      "active_destinations": 81,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.198091783176403
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 162756066.08099034,
      "active_destinations": 83,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -9.447411321951122
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 183836114.04505894,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.951927674129687
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 197983214.42976218,
      "active_destinations": 79,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.695495772520376
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 152734157.4190081,
      "active_destinations": 73,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.85499664255978
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 147803622.04677746,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -3.228181210771542
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}