{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/310520",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/310520",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/310520",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "310520",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 166,
    "current_lane_count": 129,
    "active_market_count": 129,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 247566461.62493074,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 246606916.11257476,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 261294964.22648096,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 233706956.94139844,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 188256447.0734728,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 4.170392762236008,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 8.922946801928955,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.64004514311145,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 114748042.21985923,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 437232366.19589347,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 68.96551724137932,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -2.4696523808754423,
    "trend_label": "Growing",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 80209669.43577693,
    "top_market_share_pct": 32.39924701807814,
    "destination_hhi": 1223.3159118871988,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 33.08614559819848,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.6465513176875042,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0193179926007545,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 73.19705677573438,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 17.46987951807229,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 310520,
      "hs_description": "Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium",
      "hs_chapter": 31,
      "hs_heading": 3105,
      "substitution_elasticity": -16.986502,
      "price_range_label": "Low price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium",
    "hs_chapter": 31,
    "hs_heading": 3105,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 310520,
        "corridor_rank": 16,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 80209669.43577693,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30431092.149679575,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 85973114.77375482,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 73592223.90137427,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 56996370.159954414,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.290065860288198,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.923519881355604,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.61566835618188,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 91467176.18694393,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 100632998.65351602,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.6743975041063184,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -9.9272,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.4257,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 79.70513699183552,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.5127666446502417,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 79.70513699183552,
        "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6516.66,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8010346421048301,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 46.01318869763641,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 310520,
        "corridor_rank": 83,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19922745.908678174,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4677408.574351777,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17550491.03897418,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13821174.457109252,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10073460.339256093,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.16477989822013,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.98849210538514,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.81517066561122,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 21597631.944765158,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 168091726.79875895,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.34960923260891,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.8061,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.2153,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.852306052236514,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.713347111719649,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 27.598135265627853,
        "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 27,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1521.54,
        "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 1.135014305103349,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 87.39180919875221,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 310520,
      "num_markets": 143,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 294775,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "EST",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 120.24348656676399,
      "median_price_across_markets": 1264.6684364503199,
      "price_spread_pct": 23298.972918188127,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2360.7917755443887,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1023908878
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 87346799.18567932,
        "active_destinations": 92,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.74585845667112
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 77741988.26935336,
        "active_destinations": 95,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.996179603454417
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 84951483.55456707,
        "active_destinations": 98,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 9.273618344098566
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 114458643.10188948,
        "active_destinations": 107,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.73413095648766
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 129658815.48566402,
        "active_destinations": 106,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.280056421989531
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 128396970.88842826,
        "active_destinations": 108,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.9732038600763613
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 125295340.81621364,
        "active_destinations": 116,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -2.415656732984619
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 139655277.197061,
        "active_destinations": 122,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.460870202596665
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 159836809.70708248,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 14.450963053508007
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 160845287.4189504,
        "active_destinations": 121,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.6309420925730865
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 166491287.26975095,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.5102053292332553
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 218158604.7577982,
        "active_destinations": 125,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 31.033045834005296
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 294337131.8224479,
        "active_destinations": 124,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.918873426617225
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 242940844.74442035,
        "active_destinations": 126,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.461706839295825
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 246606916.1125747,
        "active_destinations": 129,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.509038701174824
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "310520",
    "hs_description": "Fertilizers, mineral or chemical: containing the three fertilizing elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium",
    "hs_chapter": 31,
    "hs_heading": 3105
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 310520,
      "corridor_rank": 16,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 80209669.43577693,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 30431092.149679575,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 85973114.77375482,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 73592223.90137427,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 56996370.159954414,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.290065860288198,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 11.923519881355604,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 5.61566835618188,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 91467176.18694393,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 100632998.65351602,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75.86206896551724,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.6743975041063184,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -9.9272,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.4257,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 72.4138,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 79.70513699183552,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.5127666446502417,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 79.70513699183552,
      "peer_top_exporter": "ESP",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 6516.66,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8010346421048301,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 46.01318869763641,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 310520,
      "corridor_rank": 83,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 19922745.908678174,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 4677408.574351777,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 17550491.03897418,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 13821174.457109252,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10073460.339256093,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 31.16477989822013,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 23.98849210538514,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 13.81517066561122,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 21597631.944765158,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 168091726.79875895,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 17.34960923260891,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.8061,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.2153,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.852306052236514,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.713347111719649,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 27.598135265627853,
      "peer_top_exporter": "RUS",
      "supplier_count_latest": 27,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1521.54,
      "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
      "volatility_cv": 1.135014305103349,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 87.39180919875221,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 310520,
    "num_markets": 143,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 294775,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "EST",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 120.24348656676399,
    "median_price_across_markets": 1264.6684364503199,
    "price_spread_pct": 23298.972918188127,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 2360.7917755443887,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1023908878
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 87346799.18567932,
      "active_destinations": 92,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 16.74585845667112
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 77741988.26935336,
      "active_destinations": 95,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -10.996179603454417
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 84951483.55456707,
      "active_destinations": 98,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 9.273618344098566
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 114458643.10188948,
      "active_destinations": 107,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.73413095648766
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 129658815.48566402,
      "active_destinations": 106,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 13.280056421989531
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 128396970.88842826,
      "active_destinations": 108,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.9732038600763613
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 125295340.81621364,
      "active_destinations": 116,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.415656732984619
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 139655277.197061,
      "active_destinations": 122,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.460870202596665
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 159836809.70708248,
      "active_destinations": 124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 14.450963053508007
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 160845287.4189504,
      "active_destinations": 121,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 0.6309420925730865
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 166491287.26975095,
      "active_destinations": 124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.5102053292332553
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 218158604.7577982,
      "active_destinations": 125,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 31.033045834005296
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 294337131.8224479,
      "active_destinations": 124,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.918873426617225
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 242940844.74442035,
      "active_destinations": 126,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.461706839295825
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 246606916.1125747,
      "active_destinations": 129,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.509038701174824
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}