{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/293959",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/293959",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/293959",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "293959",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 63,
    "current_lane_count": 8,
    "active_market_count": 8,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1198562.648047377,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 514400.8211036568,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 391419.2912949335,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 370877.61082170473,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 301227.46810181043,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 15.158436463984714,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 15.102270766658798,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 7.356520360751251,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1256227.6088488607,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 4244265.820530677,
    "historical_peak_year": 1997,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 7.801916103233463,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "DEU",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 273826.87777480885,
    "top_market_share_pct": 22.846271592136667,
    "destination_hhi": 1298.918885630916,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 14.168439919124555,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 4.282276072270557,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9268372069646387,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 58.87266126964073,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 57.142857142857146,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 74,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 293959,
      "hs_description": "Alkaloids vegetable: theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives: salts thereof, other than fenetylline",
      "hs_chapter": 29,
      "hs_heading": 2939,
      "substitution_elasticity": -14.054426,
      "price_range_label": null,
      "trade_type_label": null
    },
    "hs_description": "Alkaloids vegetable: theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives: salts thereof, other than fenetylline",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2939,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 293959,
        "corridor_rank": 65,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 273826.87777480885,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 86998.04861409153,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 214132.23682159767,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 214007.04690745394,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 147094.99048456518,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 14.704069254591335,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 37.8320267767821,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.386493958239763,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 273826.87777480885,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2966628.7726665772,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.3175752963515723,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.1957,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.9784,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 9.230237375762975,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.630991519752289,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 49.224077147953174,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 20,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3477.02,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.112096170041366,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97167937825058,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 293959,
        "corridor_rank": 67,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "SVK",
        "latest_data_year": 1997,
        "lane_data_years": 3,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 259236.94672650605,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 122564.41552432529,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 259236.94672650605,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 125505.98500464324,
        "historical_peak_year": 1997,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 38.8432,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 135.1128,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 11.887770034091538,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.394818937759531,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 72.87511870568494,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
        "supplier_count_latest": 9,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5603.7,
        "distance_km": 1865.66357421875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8017820097535101,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 293959,
        "corridor_rank": 100,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "PRT",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 155876.53356605914,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 34079.328624921916,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 97682.55738331372,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 109027.16351312722,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 87552.37594682863,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.1842850342027358,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.9961944376256895,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 63.12124899580205,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 155876.53356605914,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 746769.8637420334,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.38461538461539,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -62.93696396159931,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 37.0086,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.7401,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 20.873436534378634,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 9.285568074155515,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.09858179906603,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 7,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3410.08,
        "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": null,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.5220610547223603,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88976982963264,
        "attention_level": "Not monitored",
        "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
        "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 293959,
      "num_markets": 15,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4000000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 17852.855759922557,
      "median_price_across_markets": 68170.32967032967,
      "price_spread_pct": 5841.466754668286,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 0.8234666666666667,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1741234
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 191681.73106210548,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.882282646597425
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 448539.6447793317,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 134.00229239061048
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 288877.0935303089,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.59608456183891
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 440609.9936666436,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 52.52507157353234
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 252939.9254013569,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -42.593239137302454
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 164310.32891377655,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.03978122352403
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 171693.23265078597,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 4.493268186982735
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 206561.4126315511,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.308418358972233
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 360707.7022625211,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 74.62492034072437
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 254613.9504509456,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.412666030170058
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 343297.3813711479,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.83054670144172
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 336832.7988525757,
        "active_destinations": 3,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.8830852984524022
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 289361.19850822294,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.093520733748392
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 370495.8542729205,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 28.039231307784323
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 514400.8211036568,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.84118139814075
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "293959",
    "hs_description": "Alkaloids vegetable: theophylline and aminophylline (theophylline-ethylenediamine) and their derivatives: salts thereof, other than fenetylline",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2939
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 293959,
      "corridor_rank": 65,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 23,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 273826.87777480885,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 86998.04861409153,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 214132.23682159767,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 214007.04690745394,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 147094.99048456518,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 14.704069254591335,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 37.8320267767821,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 11.386493958239763,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 273826.87777480885,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 2966628.7726665772,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 3.3175752963515723,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -24.1957,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": -0.9784,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 9.230237375762975,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 3.630991519752289,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 49.224077147953174,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
      "supplier_count_latest": 20,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3477.02,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.112096170041366,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97167937825058,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 293959,
      "corridor_rank": 67,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "SVK",
      "latest_data_year": 1997,
      "lane_data_years": 3,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 259236.94672650605,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 122564.41552432529,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 122564.41552432529,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 259236.94672650605,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 125505.98500464324,
      "historical_peak_year": 1997,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 100,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 38.8432,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 135.1128,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 11.887770034091538,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.394818937759531,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 72.87511870568494,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CZE",
      "supplier_count_latest": 9,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5603.7,
      "distance_km": 1865.66357421875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8017820097535101,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The lane has limited historical coverage",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 293959,
      "corridor_rank": 100,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "PRT",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 27,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 155876.53356605914,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 34079.328624921916,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 97682.55738331372,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 109027.16351312722,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 87552.37594682863,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.1842850342027358,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 4.9961944376256895,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 63.12124899580205,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 155876.53356605914,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 746769.8637420334,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.38461538461539,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -62.93696396159931,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 37.0086,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 17.7401,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 20.873436534378634,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 9.285568074155515,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 51.09858179906603,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 7,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3410.08,
      "distance_km": 500.9222717285156,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": null,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.5220610547223603,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.88976982963264,
      "attention_level": "Not monitored",
      "primary_risk_reason": "No detailed risk classification is available",
      "risk_driver_labels": "[]",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:31"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 293959,
    "num_markets": 15,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "THA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 4000000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "FRA",
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}