{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291712",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/291712",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291712",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "291712",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 88,
    "current_lane_count": 43,
    "active_market_count": 43,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 6836954.130058122,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 6669582.547052939,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 8072395.313733763,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7754153.961089358,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 7563998.8068688065,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -7.969762310863649,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 0.4118054779797431,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 4.68491238074622,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 4808553.629335192,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 17809431.56760352,
    "historical_peak_year": 2017,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -12.65467469160987,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 1918665.6516986734,
    "top_market_share_pct": 28.063164023046657,
    "destination_hhi": 1256.2718337963117,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 3.770384230257177,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -0.917459030420152,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0395489874733364,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 93.4087250842877,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 38.63636363636363,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 291712,
      "hs_description": "Acids: acyclic polycarboxylic acids: adipic acid, its salts and esters",
      "hs_chapter": 29,
      "hs_heading": 2917,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.6841927,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Acids: acyclic polycarboxylic acids: adipic acid, its salts and esters",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2917,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 291712,
        "corridor_rank": 85,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 29,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1918665.6516986734,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 860512.6443005123,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2699308.50567925,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2403487.387336788,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1694797.584719269,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.58725862308312,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.279295496916685,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.995865514041633,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3520901.7915148484,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 203386607.60667497,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.583124137124752,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.0462,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.2447,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9433588938211409,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1867397880515576,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 43.52491809855085,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2827.26,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9989989365108298,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.38234065782997,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 291712,
      "num_markets": 58,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 427100,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 678.5511034595179,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3959.900068754593,
      "price_spread_pct": 10768.490151082322,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 88.33529411764708,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 38412399
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 3273722.3438044204,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 80.41536719816264
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 3455798.537794158,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5.561748214057309
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 5754906.891843734,
        "active_destinations": 30,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 66.52900419123104
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 2915469.609173706,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.33941306147423
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 4219468.151404635,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.726878240397944
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5018765.594732754,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.943085115171154
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 7946531.526030771,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 58.33637527065895
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 9405152.277332237,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.35543905568616
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 7964834.4390864875,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.314136292265268
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 6533934.426059027,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.965219791706993
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5996869.773653228,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.219621094816103
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 8556714.090592274,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.68634160083848
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 9079076.591667512,
        "active_destinations": 45,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.104709068748157
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 8468526.80248084,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -6.724800512719723
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 6669582.547052939,
        "active_destinations": 43,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -21.24270605013498
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "291712",
    "hs_description": "Acids: acyclic polycarboxylic acids: adipic acid, its salts and esters",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2917
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 291712,
      "corridor_rank": 85,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 29,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1918665.6516986734,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 860512.6443005123,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 2699308.50567925,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2403487.387336788,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1694797.584719269,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -12.58725862308312,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.279295496916685,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.995865514041633,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3520901.7915148484,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 203386607.60667497,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 50,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -19.583124137124752,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.0462,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.2447,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.9433588938211409,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -1.1867397880515576,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 43.52491809855085,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2827.26,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9989989365108298,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 92.38234065782997,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 291712,
    "num_markets": 58,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "IRL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 427100,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "IDN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 678.5511034595179,
    "median_price_across_markets": 3959.900068754593,
    "price_spread_pct": 10768.490151082322,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 88.33529411764708,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 38412399
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 3273722.3438044204,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 80.41536719816264
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 3455798.537794158,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5.561748214057309
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 5754906.891843734,
      "active_destinations": 30,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 66.52900419123104
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 2915469.609173706,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -49.33941306147423
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 4219468.151404635,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.726878240397944
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5018765.594732754,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.943085115171154
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 7946531.526030771,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 58.33637527065895
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 9405152.277332237,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.35543905568616
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 7964834.4390864875,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.314136292265268
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 6533934.426059027,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.965219791706993
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 5996869.773653228,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -8.219621094816103
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 8556714.090592274,
      "active_destinations": 42,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 42.68634160083848
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 9079076.591667512,
      "active_destinations": 45,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.104709068748157
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 8468526.80248084,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -6.724800512719723
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 6669582.547052939,
      "active_destinations": 43,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -21.24270605013498
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}