{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291524",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/291524",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291524",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "291524",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 96,
    "current_lane_count": 34,
    "active_market_count": 34,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 530223.7576005934,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 252001.10004462133,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 435044.5693567882,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 437434.1501655524,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 522276.1453013703,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -17.52961984664744,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -14.912643936560999,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -3.370789039790467,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 761646.7494032981,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 3071344.533639618,
    "historical_peak_year": 2012,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -14.158830806856972,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "IRQ",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 177598.703,
    "top_market_share_pct": 33.495048166774424,
    "destination_hhi": 1912.1295354891924,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 28.77637870581909,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 8.440105778786533,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0148326572809214,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 55.69896531148165,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 47.916666666666664,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 97,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 291524,
      "hs_description": "Acids: saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids: acetic anhydride",
      "hs_chapter": 29,
      "hs_heading": 2915,
      "substitution_elasticity": -12.032971,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Acids: saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids: acetic anhydride",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2915,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 291524,
        "corridor_rank": 50,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 129262.57777153085,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 203918.88989063338,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 233530.59054637188,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 240040.0805473122,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 195484.73409893736,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -13.556555842415364,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.448592720283681,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 82.33505111711537,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 778548.250049899,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15328003.852201466,
        "historical_peak_year": 2012,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -95.89160695953073,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.6155,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9639,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8433099248795248,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.3925882842759334,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.654838575261024,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 12,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2083.78,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9675469209977652,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.95912237566111,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 291524,
        "corridor_rank": 59,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 14,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 56134.85999289934,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 45251.40591282809,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 53647.76864793429,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 47171.57240077657,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 57451.38258370268,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.085748290093775,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 283.92542201537344,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 103.83407034571049,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 321533.15586726944,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 55230192.94215072,
        "historical_peak_year": 2017,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.84615384615385,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -112.91981863580426,
        "trend_label": "Declining",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.1062,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.6053,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10163799364542542,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.05569050180418252,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 42.17252007467259,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3235.1,
        "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.8100791531763314,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97906984092938,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 291524,
      "num_markets": 45,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 200642.85714285713,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 286.63175567636716,
      "median_price_across_markets": 11401.234567901234,
      "price_spread_pct": 1757.3204392378607,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 35.52024603174603,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 3892245
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 851462.5929285969,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 11.527686562346382
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 715548.5842067979,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.962416887196905
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1239539.640844479,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 73.22927725704848
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 674797.1935447254,
        "active_destinations": 36,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.56066048158035
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 355073.37158435467,
        "active_destinations": 38,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -47.3807278718594
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 421031.1365129179,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.575812833909918
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 230824.25238470608,
        "active_destinations": 31,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -45.17644127309714
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 878146.9659964617,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 280.4396448484483
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 940550.8210968024,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.106311075109052
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 565037.5261950531,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -39.924827715726494
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 432765.9797308298,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -23.40933837703422
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 449271.0630265679,
        "active_destinations": 29,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.8138587755913536
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 441523.73887807655,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.7244209089053286
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 611608.8691476664,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 38.522307022897714
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 252001.10004462133,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -58.79701672805886
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "291524",
    "hs_description": "Acids: saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acids: acetic anhydride",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2915
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 291524,
      "corridor_rank": 50,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 26,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 129262.57777153085,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 203918.88989063338,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 233530.59054637188,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 240040.0805473122,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 195484.73409893736,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -13.556555842415364,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -13.448592720283681,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 82.33505111711537,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 778548.250049899,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15328003.852201466,
      "historical_peak_year": 2012,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -95.89160695953073,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 10.6155,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.9639,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.8433099248795248,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -2.3925882842759334,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.654838575261024,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 12,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2083.78,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.9675469209977652,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.95912237566111,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 291524,
      "corridor_rank": 59,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "NLD",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 14,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 56134.85999289934,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 45251.40591282809,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 53647.76864793429,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 47171.57240077657,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 57451.38258370268,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -9.085748290093775,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 283.92542201537344,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 103.83407034571049,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 321533.15586726944,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 55230192.94215072,
      "historical_peak_year": 2017,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 53.84615384615385,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -112.91981863580426,
      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 35.1062,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.6053,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.10163799364542542,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.05569050180418252,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 42.17252007467259,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3235.1,
      "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.8100791531763314,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97906984092938,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 291524,
    "num_markets": 45,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 200642.85714285713,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "NLD",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 286.63175567636716,
    "median_price_across_markets": 11401.234567901234,
    "price_spread_pct": 1757.3204392378607,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 35.52024603174603,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 3892245
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 851462.5929285969,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 11.527686562346382
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 715548.5842067979,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.962416887196905
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 1239539.640844479,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 73.22927725704848
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 674797.1935447254,
      "active_destinations": 36,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.56066048158035
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 355073.37158435467,
      "active_destinations": 38,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -47.3807278718594
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 421031.1365129179,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 18.575812833909918
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 230824.25238470608,
      "active_destinations": 31,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -45.17644127309714
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 878146.9659964617,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 280.4396448484483
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 940550.8210968024,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.106311075109052
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 565037.5261950531,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -39.924827715726494
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 432765.9797308298,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -23.40933837703422
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 449271.0630265679,
      "active_destinations": 29,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 3.8138587755913536
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 441523.73887807655,
      "active_destinations": 27,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.7244209089053286
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 611608.8691476664,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 38.522307022897714
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 252001.10004462133,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -58.79701672805886
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}