{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291010",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/291010",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/291010",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "291010",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 52,
    "current_lane_count": 8,
    "active_market_count": 8,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 4685830.025239836,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 4042885.8044067374,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 6571662.744618074,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7992390.541372264,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 9381015.244455576,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -31.919677348801535,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -14.751592263695334,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -10.086487860486503,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 9702608.488305055,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 23212474.318893015,
    "historical_peak_year": 2012,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -21.833189488315032,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "FRA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 2949931.3243804984,
    "top_market_share_pct": 62.95429643181543,
    "destination_hhi": 4522.612590119647,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 6.059072136367521,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": -4.465895685242332,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.7198464719415083,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 82.63446787175558,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 67.3076923076923,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 74,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 291010,
      "hs_description": "Epoxides, epoxyalcohols, epoxyphenols and epoxyethers: with a three-membered ring and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: oxirane (ethylene oxide)",
      "hs_chapter": 29,
      "hs_heading": 2910,
      "substitution_elasticity": -29.058527,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Epoxides, epoxyalcohols, epoxyphenols and epoxyethers: with a three-membered ring and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: oxirane (ethylene oxide)",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2910,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 291010,
        "corridor_rank": 21,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2949931.3243804984,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6885206.901435757,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5472934.534980717,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6768147.0999800805,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8680090.02261288,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -35.50016159814985,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.93531564484965,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.81975558440549,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15715325.248580776,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 48033716.615105525,
        "historical_peak_year": 2012,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.68040601374436,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.1948,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.6003,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.1413763753038655,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -8.643915631647033,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.16339379371495,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3515.02,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.608310467162851,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 81.22895149976675,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Stable",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 291010,
        "corridor_rank": 29,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 18,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1047170.5588370608,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1615672.76001958,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1032091.4615909286,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 950670.894559145,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 904457.1012529266,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.386992361192249,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.232127582424354,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.890831990125825,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4274195.460748905,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 101347131.67893174,
        "historical_peak_year": 1996,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.1764705882353,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -34.277824351318074,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 9.3266,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.3556,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.0332513032085633,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.039686790511928915,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 83.20985200034718,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 8,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 7021.71,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8483741306986083,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.53491020650537,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Slowing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 291010,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "MEX",
        "latest_data_year": 2004,
        "lane_data_years": 1,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1315.837192425811,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10739837.439505784,
        "historical_peak_year": 2004,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
        "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 84.1488,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 28.4149,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.23880370748255603,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.23880370748255603,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 93.95998782636045,
        "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8847.46,
        "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
        "volatility_cv": 0,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
        "signal_flag": "Declining",
        "confidence_label": "Low",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 291010,
      "num_markets": 17,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DMA",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 557000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CAN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 904.4368600682594,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5133.333333333334,
      "price_spread_pct": 10833.030450777891,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 946.4992285714287,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 44977832
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 12664239.981743373,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 110.9466881475065
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 13027029.828873375,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.864679188431333
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 15928930.770502195,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 22.275998287783043
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 11470938.257897673,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -27.98676557035456
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 11706898.508848751,
        "active_destinations": 5,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.0570265975289383
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 8603488.979031326,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.50923750190273
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 12263922.431510651,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.54591900333272
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 12695645.811223285,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 3.5202716106828373
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 11305478.356455414,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -10.94995461781808
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 8979664.159473788,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -20.572452784835846
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 7434677.473703868,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.205394971703008
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 12812286.999303216,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 72.33144335607994
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 8912540.760119025,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.437549825384615
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 6759561.669328465,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -24.15673766592465
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 4042885.804406737,
        "active_destinations": 8,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -40.19011879496055
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "291010",
    "hs_description": "Epoxides, epoxyalcohols, epoxyphenols and epoxyethers: with a three-membered ring and their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives: oxirane (ethylene oxide)",
    "hs_chapter": 29,
    "hs_heading": 2910
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 291010,
      "corridor_rank": 21,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 2949931.3243804984,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 6885206.901435757,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5472934.534980717,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 6768147.0999800805,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 8680090.02261288,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -35.50016159814985,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -19.93531564484965,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -12.81975558440549,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 15715325.248580776,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 48033716.615105525,
      "historical_peak_year": 2012,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.68040601374436,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 23.1948,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 1.6003,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.1413763753038655,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -8.643915631647033,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 51.16339379371495,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 8,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3515.02,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.608310467162851,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 81.22895149976675,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Stable",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 291010,
      "corridor_rank": 29,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 18,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1047170.5588370608,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1615672.76001958,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1032091.4615909286,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 950670.894559145,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 904457.1012529266,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -10.386992361192249,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 9.232127582424354,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 23.890831990125825,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4274195.460748905,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 101347131.67893174,
      "historical_peak_year": 1996,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 41.1764705882353,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -34.277824351318074,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 9.3266,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 5.3556,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.0332513032085633,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.039686790511928915,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 83.20985200034718,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 8,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 7021.71,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8483741306986083,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.53491020650537,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Slowing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 291010,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "MEX",
      "latest_data_year": 2004,
      "lane_data_years": 1,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": null,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": null,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1315.837192425811,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 10739837.439505784,
      "historical_peak_year": 2004,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": null,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": null,
      "trend_label": "Insufficient history",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 84.1488,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 28.4149,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.23880370748255603,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.23880370748255603,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 93.95998782636045,
      "peer_top_exporter": "USA",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 8847.46,
      "distance_km": 9073.951171875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.10968114655848483,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.13100950524598787,
      "volatility_cv": 0,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 0,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier','limited_history']",
      "signal_flag": "Declining",
      "confidence_label": "Low",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 291010,
    "num_markets": 17,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "DMA",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 557000,
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    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 904.4368600682594,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5133.333333333334,
    "price_spread_pct": 10833.030450777891,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 946.4992285714287,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 44977832
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      "export_value_usd": 12664239.981743373,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": 22.275998287783043
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    {
      "year": 2015,
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      "export_value_usd": 12263922.431510651,
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    {
      "year": 2021,
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    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
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}