{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/284180",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/284180",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/284180",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "284180",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 61,
    "current_lane_count": 4,
    "active_market_count": 4,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 724661.2917064447,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 458126.2725205257,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 216346.08080807596,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 308830.63932828285,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 162097.66167493263,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -15.266935185295239,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 72.79530012526139,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 37.670809679126705,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 418175.5887153415,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 1439602.6887436432,
    "historical_peak_year": 2021,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.06896551724138,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -52.937744864421944,
    "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
    "top_market_iso3": "BEL",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 457627.3015144573,
    "top_market_share_pct": 63.150510004036335,
    "destination_hhi": 4604.063560500132,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 13.737634114805019,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 12.1310800699965,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.191587994250736,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 26.96521913529586,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 68.85245901639344,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 72,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 284180,
      "hs_description": "Salts: tungstates (wolframates)",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2841,
      "substitution_elasticity": -23.625006,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Salts: tungstates (wolframates)",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2841,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 284180,
        "corridor_rank": 40,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "CHN",
        "latest_data_year": 2022,
        "lane_data_years": 8,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 173069.68875587062,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 56605.957903627066,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 149300.3380804851,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 112002.55012711081,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 74682.67575718758,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1065.9618256138922,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 468.5844499850669,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 50.599870017095206,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 173069.68875587062,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 56005054.0736465,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 71.42857142857143,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1015.361955596797,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.4798,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 179.0251,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5380639457243771,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.1865694771563221,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 41.11886055410107,
        "peer_top_exporter": "TWN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 15,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3136.51,
        "distance_km": 9232.298828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878793,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.2955448126160864,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.99011695817421,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 284180,
      "num_markets": 15,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "VNM",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 372000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 4759.776117538292,
      "median_price_across_markets": 63277.77777777778,
      "price_spread_pct": 580.3620746167086,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.9609545454545465,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1152684
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 61094.25184000767,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 305.878941683851
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 39249.84457048751,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.75525783788274
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 39707.976208454806,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1672189864205702
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 17493.792807664748,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -55.94388211620846
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 18731.24015654712,
        "active_destinations": 10,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.073636703529466
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 20714.59919647575,
        "active_destinations": 11,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 10.588508947366131
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 20551.082083707865,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7893810119951723
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2809.17254490317,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -86.3307803771064
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 3009.620518528197,
        "active_destinations": 7,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 7.135481015173319
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 29738.945764297157,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 888.1294196798099
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 142060.37692318796,
        "active_destinations": 9,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 377.6913682452636
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 753054.5772939982,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 430.0947340870247
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 182634.94572530608,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -75.74744895893461
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 8277.024178396141,
        "active_destinations": 6,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -95.46799537978603
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 458126.2725205257,
        "active_destinations": 4,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 5434.915238211831
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "284180",
    "hs_description": "Salts: tungstates (wolframates)",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2841
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 284180,
      "corridor_rank": 40,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "CHN",
      "latest_data_year": 2022,
      "lane_data_years": 8,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 173069.68875587062,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 56605.957903627066,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 149300.3380804851,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 112002.55012711081,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 74682.67575718758,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1065.9618256138922,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 468.5844499850669,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 50.599870017095206,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 173069.68875587062,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 56005054.0736465,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 71.42857142857143,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 1015.361955596797,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.4798,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 179.0251,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.5380639457243771,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.1865694771563221,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 41.11886055410107,
      "peer_top_exporter": "TWN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 15,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3136.51,
      "distance_km": 9232.298828125,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.30189875567878793,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.2955448126160864,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 98.99011695817421,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','long_distance_without_fta']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 284180,
    "num_markets": 15,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "VNM",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 372000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 4759.776117538292,
    "median_price_across_markets": 63277.77777777778,
    "price_spread_pct": 580.3620746167086,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 5.9609545454545465,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1152684
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 61094.25184000767,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 305.878941683851
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 39249.84457048751,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.75525783788274
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 39707.976208454806,
      "active_destinations": 14,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 1.1672189864205702
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 17493.792807664748,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -55.94388211620846
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 18731.24015654712,
      "active_destinations": 10,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.073636703529466
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 20714.59919647575,
      "active_destinations": 11,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 10.588508947366131
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 20551.082083707865,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -0.7893810119951723
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 2809.17254490317,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -86.3307803771064
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 3009.620518528197,
      "active_destinations": 7,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 7.135481015173319
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 29738.945764297157,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 888.1294196798099
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 142060.37692318796,
      "active_destinations": 9,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 377.6913682452636
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 753054.5772939982,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 430.0947340870247
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 182634.94572530608,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -75.74744895893461
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 8277.024178396141,
      "active_destinations": 6,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -95.46799537978603
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 458126.2725205257,
      "active_destinations": 4,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 5434.915238211831
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}