{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/283691",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/283691",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/283691",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "283691",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 94,
    "current_lane_count": 13,
    "active_market_count": 13,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1581494.2000111304,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1138310.183316382,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3905635.517831639,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2759514.303989292,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1861242.358403114,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -6.50667327017006,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -10.04013870382423,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -8.786656688380601,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1841612.570617797,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 14233607.898622466,
    "historical_peak_year": 2023,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 2.2799834182105414,
    "trend_label": "Declining",
    "top_market_iso3": "MEX",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 398583.92235630326,
    "top_market_share_pct": 25.202996150950035,
    "destination_hhi": 1396.9153490438923,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 19.815244124939657,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 0.669477723975737,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.8557963118044682,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.73124452143891,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 62.765957446808514,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 76.5,
    "confidence_label": "Medium",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 283691,
      "hs_description": "Carbonates: lithium carbonate",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2836,
      "substitution_elasticity": -21.22226,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Carbonates: lithium carbonate",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2836,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 283691,
        "corridor_rank": 77,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 27,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 314742.766455736,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 272982.55951478955,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1523808.8424785247,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1037602.5847069975,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 697256.739055068,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7451464631781386,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -20.43488776094189,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 72.27718425559576,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4108652.033303546,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21151090.4502923,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 42.30769230769231,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -69.53203779241761,
        "trend_label": "Stable",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -47.2949,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.2458,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.4880687461264503,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -8.750031062559854,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.99815081277974,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 18,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2483.31,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.884638883997567,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.78837418253447,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 283691,
        "corridor_rank": 81,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 28,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 237556.24423261342,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 234984.90161883947,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 342562.4196081522,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 415455.16269413324,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 283423.5070643649,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -37.496445668837396,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 26.81637168383917,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -20.586092480371367,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2381226.9694663268,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11854315.876763139,
        "historical_peak_year": 2014,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.851851851851855,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -16.91035318846603,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -50.576,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.4152,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.0039641823470538,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.1949531784670702,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 70.25427145992394,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 12,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5260.38,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.0715725903620124,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9655986053629,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 283691,
      "num_markets": 32,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "PHL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 189200,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PAN",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 124.61713286713287,
      "median_price_across_markets": 28946.242937853105,
      "price_spread_pct": 653.194900882554,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.466351351351353,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 15928258
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 103898.96827623724,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.91253208768612
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 382803.3475353189,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 268.43806429102915
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 707899.384006817,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 84.92507669136917
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1631515.0756855046,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 130.47273560980994
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 2855465.225773578,
        "active_destinations": 19,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 75.01923631161135
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 238897.64061855717,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -91.6336701122376
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 840623.5803368938,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 251.87604957518172
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 543747.9939190457,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -35.316114532365404
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 1259540.0833794933,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 131.6404101652679
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1932042.7658306896,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 53.39271781226628
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 687768.6785062421,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -64.40199509711509
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1392896.287945299,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 102.52394903625392
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 1073521.8532828325,
        "active_destinations": 12,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.928802196291638
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 9505074.516895704,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 785.4104355518393
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1138310.183316382,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -88.02418454170997
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "283691",
    "hs_description": "Carbonates: lithium carbonate",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2836
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 283691,
      "corridor_rank": 77,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 27,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 314742.766455736,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 272982.55951478955,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1523808.8424785247,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 1037602.5847069975,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 697256.739055068,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.7451464631781386,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -20.43488776094189,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 72.27718425559576,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 4108652.033303546,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21151090.4502923,
      "historical_peak_year": 2023,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 42.30769230769231,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -69.53203779241761,
      "trend_label": "Stable",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -47.2949,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 18.2458,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 48.2759,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.4880687461264503,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -8.750031062559854,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.99815081277974,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 18,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2483.31,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 2.884638883997567,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.78837418253447,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 283691,
      "corridor_rank": 81,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 28,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 237556.24423261342,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 234984.90161883947,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 342562.4196081522,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 415455.16269413324,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 283423.5070643649,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -37.496445668837396,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 26.81637168383917,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -20.586092480371367,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 2381226.9694663268,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 11854315.876763139,
      "historical_peak_year": 2014,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.851851851851855,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -16.91035318846603,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -50.576,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.4152,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.0039641823470538,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.1949531784670702,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 70.25427145992394,
      "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
      "supplier_count_latest": 12,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5260.38,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 2.0715725903620124,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.9655986053629,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 283691,
    "num_markets": 32,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "PHL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 189200,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "PAN",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 124.61713286713287,
    "median_price_across_markets": 28946.242937853105,
    "price_spread_pct": 653.194900882554,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 19.466351351351353,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 15928258
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 103898.96827623724,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 19.91253208768612
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 382803.3475353189,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 268.43806429102915
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 707899.384006817,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 84.92507669136917
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 1631515.0756855046,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 130.47273560980994
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 2855465.225773578,
      "active_destinations": 19,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 75.01923631161135
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 238897.64061855717,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -91.6336701122376
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 840623.5803368938,
      "active_destinations": 23,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 251.87604957518172
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 543747.9939190457,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -35.316114532365404
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 1259540.0833794933,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 131.6404101652679
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 1932042.7658306896,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 53.39271781226628
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 687768.6785062421,
      "active_destinations": 16,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -64.40199509711509
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 1392896.287945299,
      "active_destinations": 15,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 102.52394903625392
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 1073521.8532828325,
      "active_destinations": 12,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.928802196291638
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 9505074.516895704,
      "active_destinations": 22,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 785.4104355518393
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1138310.183316382,
      "active_destinations": 13,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -88.02418454170997
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}