{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/283327",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/283327",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/283327",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "283327",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 92,
    "current_lane_count": 26,
    "active_market_count": 26,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 1379088.711324613,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 1039647.9099909654,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 758842.7794377189,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 678611.7348978331,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 655575.7466596235,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 19.45675960478457,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 25.077699267652932,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.766380751602366,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1047498.2365146443,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 3627277.5744446074,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 10.690378853182203,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 578074.7645015371,
    "top_market_share_pct": 41.91715585477434,
    "destination_hhi": 2170.751666995142,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 46.60600104091075,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 20.21279611413888,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3847923446679666,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 93.89312086061337,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 50,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 93,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 283327,
      "hs_description": "Sulphates: of barium",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2833,
      "substitution_elasticity": -11.884235,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Sulphates: of barium",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2833,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 283327,
        "corridor_rank": 22,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "IND",
        "latest_data_year": 2019,
        "lane_data_years": 5,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 28910.59891170011,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 42158.76202165523,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 62506.449266336596,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 62506.449266336596,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 52477.68859893343,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.890979431631818,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.243466034051236,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 41.74472262939817,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 130106.61086088086,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13422617.765761487,
        "historical_peak_year": 2018,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -32.85374319776635,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -28.4948,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.4494,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22929791682841189,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.843311161868777,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 46.97993934200615,
        "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 13,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3210.35,
        "distance_km": 7282.04638671875,
        "has_reported_fta": 0,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5323102001373737,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
        "volatility_cv": 1.0708814080731293,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 77.77930059018033,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 283327,
      "num_markets": 42,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUS",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 71661.29032258065,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 192.30769230769232,
      "median_price_across_markets": 1692.75494395334,
      "price_spread_pct": 4222.051330321973,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 56.240125,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 4042189
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 779704.1820182245,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 44.87572452557044
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1246645.680248869,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 59.887007021302644
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 915602.3170078148,
        "active_destinations": 34,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.55472749682714
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 643908.8200782653,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -29.673745018191184
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 448682.89200676687,
        "active_destinations": 28,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -30.318877764055053
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 388152.88682869246,
        "active_destinations": 33,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -13.490597982764521
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 825014.7011848383,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 112.54890255368643
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 877636.0148259737,
        "active_destinations": 32,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 6.378227389834831
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 732280.1886130098,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -16.562199335197803
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 339615.00065455463,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -53.62226017642108
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 506636.7091980679,
        "active_destinations": 21,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 49.17972063118682
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 609893.626977941,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.380859875573126
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 541861.0900647494,
        "active_destinations": 17,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.154820103678883
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 695019.3382574421,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 28.2652235048638
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 1039647.9099909654,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 49.58546514656394
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "283327",
    "hs_description": "Sulphates: of barium",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2833
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 283327,
      "corridor_rank": 22,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "IND",
      "latest_data_year": 2019,
      "lane_data_years": 5,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 28910.59891170011,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 42158.76202165523,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 62506.449266336596,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 62506.449266336596,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 52477.68859893343,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 8.890979431631818,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 5.243466034051236,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 41.74472262939817,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 130106.61086088086,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 13422617.765761487,
      "historical_peak_year": 2018,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 75,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -32.85374319776635,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -28.4948,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 16.4494,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 75.8621,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.22929791682841189,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.843311161868777,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 46.97993934200615,
      "peer_top_exporter": "CHN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 13,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3210.35,
      "distance_km": 7282.04638671875,
      "has_reported_fta": 0,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.5323102001373737,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": null,
      "volatility_cv": 1.0708814080731293,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 77.77930059018033,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "Medium",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 283327,
    "num_markets": 42,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "AUS",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 71661.29032258065,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "CHE",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 192.30769230769232,
    "median_price_across_markets": 1692.75494395334,
    "price_spread_pct": 4222.051330321973,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 56.240125,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 4042189
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 779704.1820182245,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 44.87572452557044
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 1246645.680248869,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 59.887007021302644
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 915602.3170078148,
      "active_destinations": 34,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -26.55472749682714
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 643908.8200782653,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -29.673745018191184
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 448682.89200676687,
      "active_destinations": 28,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -30.318877764055053
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 388152.88682869246,
      "active_destinations": 33,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -13.490597982764521
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 825014.7011848383,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 112.54890255368643
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 877636.0148259737,
      "active_destinations": 32,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.378227389834831
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 732280.1886130098,
      "active_destinations": 25,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -16.562199335197803
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 339615.00065455463,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -53.62226017642108
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 506636.7091980679,
      "active_destinations": 21,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.17972063118682
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 609893.626977941,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 20.380859875573126
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 541861.0900647494,
      "active_destinations": 17,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.154820103678883
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 695019.3382574421,
      "active_destinations": 24,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 28.2652235048638
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 1039647.9099909654,
      "active_destinations": 26,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 49.58546514656394
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}