# Spain HS 281820 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 281820 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Spain |
| HS6 | 281820 |
| Latest exports | $313.1M |
| Active destinations | 78 |
| Three-year growth | +0.7% |
| Destination HHI | 2,971 |
| Weighted share | 15.3% |

## Destination markets

- Norway: $160.4M; share 14.6%; growth -0.2%
- Netherlands: $47.4M; share 20.8%; growth -5.9%
- France: $23.2M; share 6%; growth +12.4%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Belgium at $2.0M / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: Gabon at $10.0 / ton.
- Median reported price: $969.0 / ton.
- Price spread: 206,087.7%.

## Export history

- 2010: $143.3M
- 2011: $186.3M
- 2012: $181.1M
- 2013: $216.6M
- 2014: $230.0M
- 2015: $204.0M
- 2016: $159.0M
- 2017: $211.8M
- 2018: $255.4M
- 2019: $294.1M
- 2020: $266.4M
- 2021: $271.2M
- 2022: $383.2M
- 2023: $234.3M
- 2024: $276.6M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/281820",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/281820",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/281820",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "281820",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 130,
    "current_lane_count": 78,
    "active_market_count": 78,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 313074015.00626636,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 276580184.8804697,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 298036208.3618848,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 286339356.27245694,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 255598133.20834383,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 0.6612759197506035,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -1.2208662202857434,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 1.8623690930265724,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 189769043.68299544,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 662300379.9067998,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -1.2010931732759689,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "NOR",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 160439999.61219046,
    "top_market_share_pct": 51.246667536102976,
    "destination_hhi": 2970.9471828541946,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 15.275795152036364,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.7454608541645613,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 0.9660796432664794,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.8444506449564,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 29.23076923076923,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2818,
      "substitution_elasticity": -31.429192,
      "price_range_label": "High price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2818,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 281820,
        "corridor_rank": 26,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "NOR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 160439999.61219046,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 57967217.576493874,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 129567177.61280711,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 135862053.15212396,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 115752602.43058176,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.2369023738062137,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.963119806082796,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 8.500552225025459,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 161585682.12148938,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 1098380550.9561956,
        "historical_peak_year": 2021,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -8.737454598831672,
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        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.1983,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 14.606959261297856,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.709128440684152,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 78.78998219736917,
        "peer_top_exporter": "BRA",
        "supplier_count_latest": 27,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 6454.81,
        "distance_km": 2390.7822265625,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.027626026818626265,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": -0.005222757343741426,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9077443198725852,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.97267760064233,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 281820,
        "corridor_rank": 58,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "NLD",
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        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 47362049.55325093,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 53402483.82262802,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 74794833.20401502,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 70203483.72119504,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 76071231.18408422,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.861551940861287,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -17.916011869423954,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.196532037934286,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 127097861.50158386,
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        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 8.8958,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.1518,
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        "peer_best_share_pct": 36.32236898329194,
        "peer_top_exporter": "JAM",
        "supplier_count_latest": 51,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2209.75,
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        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.593055639731775,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 90.64519825499858,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
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        "corridor_rank": 93,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
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        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 22417364.174458973,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14293479.435038486,
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        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 36543394.584316224,
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        "historical_peak_year": 2013,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 12.119426678158263,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 39.8693,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.1931,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.023407637897284,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.974477308599223,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 55.48171324080706,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IRL",
        "supplier_count_latest": 54,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3482.34,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.3022903467548654,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.78857904794897,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "num_markets": 95,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1997000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GAB",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 10,
      "median_price_across_markets": 969,
      "price_spread_pct": 206087.71929824562,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10959.907529577464,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 1394313454
    },
    "history": [
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        "export_value_usd": 143274816.26645598,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.334398257521737
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      {
        "year": 2012,
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        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 204036889.8917714,
        "active_destinations": 73,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -11.279218374291315
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      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 159009744.21830305,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -22.068139588557926
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      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 211761714.5172071,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 33.17530668213725
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      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 255376221.6711096,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 20.596030426622995
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      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 294099980.42276263,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.163415958719941
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      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 266423071.03819358,
        "active_destinations": 69,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -9.410714460022767
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      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 271165085.2384365,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 1.7798812174052059
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      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 383191688.39852345,
        "active_destinations": 75,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 41.31306324395764
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      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 234336751.80666137,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -38.846076545650796
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      {
        "year": 2024,
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        "active_destinations": 78,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.026806614039394
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    ],
    "economy": {
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      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
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      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
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      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
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      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "281820",
    "hs_description": "Aluminium oxide: other than artificial corundum",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2818
  },
  "destinations": [
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      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "NOR",
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      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 160439999.61219046,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 57967217.576493874,
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      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 135862053.15212396,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 115752602.43058176,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -0.2369023738062137,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 6.963119806082796,
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      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.709128440684152,
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      "peer_top_exporter": "BRA",
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      "buyer_market_hhi": 6454.81,
      "distance_km": 2390.7822265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0.027626026818626265,
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      "volatility_cv": 0.9077443198725852,
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      "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
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      "corridor_rank": 58,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
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      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 47362049.55325093,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 53402483.82262802,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 74794833.20401502,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 70203483.72119504,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 76071231.18408422,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -5.861551940861287,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -17.916011869423954,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": -4.196532037934286,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 127097861.50158386,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 227238908.10104123,
      "historical_peak_year": 2019,
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      "trend_label": "Declining",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 8.8958,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 4.1518,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 20.842403243810477,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -8.630296461093383,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 36.32236898329194,
      "peer_top_exporter": "JAM",
      "supplier_count_latest": 51,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2209.75,
      "distance_km": 1481.3658447265625,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.593055639731775,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 90.64519825499858,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 281820,
      "corridor_rank": 93,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 23191736.317525204,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 7962780.38754548,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 24390523.328728255,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 22417364.174458973,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 14293479.435038486,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 12.36856371526942,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 17.49723298715553,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 0.24913703711115787,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 36543394.584316224,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 385026843.80201155,
      "historical_peak_year": 2013,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 48.275862068965516,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 12.119426678158263,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 39.8693,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 6.1931,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 58.6207,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 6.023407637897284,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -3.974477308599223,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 55.48171324080706,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IRL",
      "supplier_count_latest": 54,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 3482.34,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.3022903467548654,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.78857904794897,
      "attention_level": "High attention",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 281820,
    "num_markets": 95,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 1997000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GAB",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 10,
    "median_price_across_markets": 969,
    "price_spread_pct": 206087.71929824562,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 10959.907529577464,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 1394313454
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  "history": [
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      "export_value_usd": 143274816.26645598,
      "active_destinations": 70,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.334398257521737
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -2.773758791565508
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      "export_value_usd": 216605257.2054056,
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      "year": 2014,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": 6.173062034987935
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      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 204036889.8917714,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -11.279218374291315
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      "year": 2016,
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      "yoy_growth_pct": -22.068139588557926
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    {
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  "economy": {
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    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
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    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
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    "num_active_partners": 270,
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    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
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    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
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    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
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    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
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    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}
```