# Spain HS 281121 exports | Yugalinks

Explore reported HS 281121 exports from Spain: destinations, growth, concentration, prices, and history.

## Exporter position

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Exporter | Spain |
| HS6 | 281121 |
| Latest exports | $12.6M |
| Active destinations | 71 |
| Three-year growth | +1.8% |
| Destination HHI | 2,618 |
| Weighted share | 64.2% |

## Destination markets

- France: $661.7K; share 1.3%; growth -18.7%
- Italy: $640.3K; share 2.9%; growth +128.9%

## Price intelligence

- Highest reported market price: Seychelles at $797.0K / ton.
- Lowest reported market price: United Kingdom at $60.9 / ton.
- Median reported price: $5.6K / ton.
- Price spread: 14,329.8%.

## Export history

- 2010: $9.8M
- 2011: $13.8M
- 2012: $9.3M
- 2013: $7.8M
- 2014: $6.5M
- 2015: $5.6M
- 2016: $7.5M
- 2017: $8.4M
- 2018: $13.1M
- 2019: $10.5M
- 2020: $10.4M
- 2021: $11.3M
- 2022: $11.2M
- 2023: $12.8M
- 2024: $11.9M

## Methods

Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.

Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed.

## Complete structured values

```json
{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/281121",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/281121",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/281121",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "281121",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 145,
    "current_lane_count": 71,
    "active_market_count": 71,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 12632873.374620149,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 11917915.634672519,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 11975087.597542396,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 11520843.323248602,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 10278030.081112225,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.8116389230414143,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 2.499975587265002,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 6.250136959872932,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 7195124.528151622,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 23020334.97774156,
    "historical_peak_year": 2011,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 58.62068965517241,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": -4.4384980368315174,
    "trend_label": "Stable",
    "top_market_iso3": "PRT",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 4677315.554037305,
    "top_market_share_pct": 37.02495398579854,
    "destination_hhi": 2618.294440430101,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 64.17546854843523,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.572043393275276,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.0965205018709598,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 85.76390916598932,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 37.241379310344826,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 281121,
      "hs_description": "Carbon dioxide",
      "hs_chapter": 28,
      "hs_heading": 2811,
      "substitution_elasticity": -7.9404755,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Carbon dioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2811,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 281121,
        "corridor_rank": 94,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 661686.0342101243,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1080133.1539244023,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 616741.2998436461,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 852966.0581337383,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 771162.6502138115,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -18.716867065121523,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.742050544334976,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.450210303262735,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3715838.894012255,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 49157210.76121514,
        "historical_peak_year": 2010,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.16707736838426,
        "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.8916,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.9005,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 1.346060982638568,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09401823490413408,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 71.43103018289915,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 50,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 5219.48,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.8782394378407736,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.1386627878531,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 281121,
        "corridor_rank": 96,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 640298.311993741,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 66832.84178543992,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 291718.0864771554,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 188135.57205617914,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 158426.5308352204,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 128.85928835368935,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 97.30203934066628,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 49.18212214961761,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 640298.311993741,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22246533.163734313,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 79.67716620407174,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.9667,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.2207,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.878193682049919,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.9632558075923474,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 35.306810622241635,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 36,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 1726.23,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.332682596283771,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 97.72731505202408,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 281121,
      "num_markets": 98,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 797000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 60.911839686962715,
      "median_price_across_markets": 5561.403508771929,
      "price_spread_pct": 14329.819566289541,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 911.447270440251,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 56125854
    },
    "history": [
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        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 9794038.685337171,
        "active_destinations": 52,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.293207172742374
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 13791572.368836232,
        "active_destinations": 54,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 40.81598829585837
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 9259613.677181482,
        "active_destinations": 56,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -32.86034812024241
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 7847573.730346812,
        "active_destinations": 60,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -15.249447720636212
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 6499879.738666688,
        "active_destinations": 63,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -17.17338425848169
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 5585091.63410353,
        "active_destinations": 70,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -14.073923539250085
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 7520982.301353724,
        "active_destinations": 67,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 34.661753003823826
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 8439361.511230601,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 12.210894442758834
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 13096935.370891692,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 55.18869944678953
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 10533713.37729969,
        "active_destinations": 68,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.571158603170897
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 10385987.813682001,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4024072834185932
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      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 11292966.009933827,
        "active_destinations": 74,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.732709998532993
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      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 11160368.833066415,
        "active_destinations": 66,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1741572298258371
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      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 12846978.324888248,
        "active_destinations": 72,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 15.112488816898907
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      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 11917915.634672519,
        "active_destinations": 71,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.2317603931491865
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    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "281121",
    "hs_description": "Carbon dioxide",
    "hs_chapter": 28,
    "hs_heading": 2811
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 281121,
      "corridor_rank": 94,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "FRA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 661686.0342101243,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1080133.1539244023,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 616741.2998436461,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 852966.0581337383,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 771162.6502138115,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": -18.716867065121523,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": -5.742050544334976,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 3.450210303262735,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3715838.894012255,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 49157210.76121514,
      "historical_peak_year": 2010,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -22.16707736838426,
      "trend_label": "Rapid decline",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -3.8916,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.9005,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 51.7241,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 1.346060982638568,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.09401823490413408,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 71.43103018289915,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 50,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 5219.48,
      "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 0.8782394378407736,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 92.1386627878531,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Growing",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 281121,
      "corridor_rank": 96,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 26,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 640298.311993741,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 66832.84178543992,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 291718.0864771554,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 188135.57205617914,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 158426.5308352204,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 128.85928835368935,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 97.30203934066628,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 49.18212214961761,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 640298.311993741,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 22246533.163734313,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 79.67716620407174,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.9667,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 19.2207,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 65.5172,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.878193682049919,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.9632558075923474,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 35.306810622241635,
      "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
      "supplier_count_latest": 36,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 1726.23,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 2.332682596283771,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 97.72731505202408,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    }
  ],
  "prices": [],
  "priceSummary": {
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "hs_code": 281121,
    "num_markets": 98,
    "highest_price_importer_iso3": "SYC",
    "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 797000,
    "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "GBR",
    "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 60.911839686962715,
    "median_price_across_markets": 5561.403508771929,
    "price_spread_pct": 14329.819566289541,
    "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 911.447270440251,
    "total_trade_value_usd": 56125854
  },
  "history": [
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "export_value_usd": 9794038.685337171,
      "active_destinations": 52,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.293207172742374
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "export_value_usd": 13791572.368836232,
      "active_destinations": 54,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 40.81598829585837
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "export_value_usd": 9259613.677181482,
      "active_destinations": 56,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -32.86034812024241
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "export_value_usd": 7847573.730346812,
      "active_destinations": 60,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -15.249447720636212
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "export_value_usd": 6499879.738666688,
      "active_destinations": 63,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -17.17338425848169
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "export_value_usd": 5585091.63410353,
      "active_destinations": 70,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -14.073923539250085
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "export_value_usd": 7520982.301353724,
      "active_destinations": 67,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 34.661753003823826
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "export_value_usd": 8439361.511230601,
      "active_destinations": 65,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 12.210894442758834
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "export_value_usd": 13096935.370891692,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 55.18869944678953
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "export_value_usd": 10533713.37729969,
      "active_destinations": 68,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -19.571158603170897
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "export_value_usd": 10385987.813682001,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.4024072834185932
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    {
      "year": 2021,
      "export_value_usd": 11292966.009933827,
      "active_destinations": 74,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 8.732709998532993
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "export_value_usd": 11160368.833066415,
      "active_destinations": 66,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -1.1741572298258371
    },
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      "year": 2023,
      "export_value_usd": 12846978.324888248,
      "active_destinations": 72,
      "yoy_growth_pct": 15.112488816898907
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "export_value_usd": 11917915.634672519,
      "active_destinations": 71,
      "yoy_growth_pct": -7.2317603931491865
    }
  ],
  "economy": {
    "year": 2024,
    "country_iso3": "ESP",
    "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
    "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
    "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
    "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
    "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
    "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
    "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
    "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
    "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
    "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
    "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
    "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
    "population": 48848840,
    "labor_force": 22392.15,
    "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
    "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
    "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
    "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
    "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
    "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
    "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
    "num_active_partners": 270,
    "num_fta_partners": 108,
    "num_wto_partners": 169,
    "num_eu_partners": 28,
    "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
    "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
    "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
    "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
    "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
    "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
    "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
    "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
    "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
    "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
    "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
    "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
    "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
    "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
    "num_border_partners": 75,
    "num_colonial_partners": 605,
    "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
    "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
    "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
    "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
    "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
  }
}
```