{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/151530",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/151530",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/151530",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "151530",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 125,
    "current_lane_count": 64,
    "active_market_count": 64,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 3075493.8600566187,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 2814698.121767584,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3149711.7486101477,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2601292.7441517795,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2233825.4812898813,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 20.83074866965211,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 7.132307198634669,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 9.257786627062847,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 1820788.5846057262,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 9225945.23440961,
    "historical_peak_year": 2022,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 11.572962042589262,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 853788.8240855727,
    "top_market_share_pct": 27.761031656550106,
    "destination_hhi": 1232.454843346515,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 8.039248058254543,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 2.0415060943213437,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.3588270246768273,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 89.68223842199835,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 39.2,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 100,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 151530,
      "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: castor oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
      "hs_chapter": 15,
      "hs_heading": 1515,
      "substitution_elasticity": -4.8362074,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: castor oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
    "hs_chapter": 15,
    "hs_heading": 1515,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 151530,
        "corridor_rank": 34,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 853788.8240855727,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 85344.91257521749,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 495852.8269589062,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 309150.3632127777,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 189149.2561938785,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 177.42922127907215,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 25.373073577579607,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 39.16926867447725,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 853788.8240855727,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 38731863.86279391,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 138.2599526045949,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.515,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.6502,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 2.2043577017364457,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.338006937272898,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 32.68644895728836,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2343.52,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.9602267969124825,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.34279483226909,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151530,
        "corridor_rank": 44,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 451881.88353634713,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 81680.18294241134,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 192710.36526459444,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 164985.30568759522,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 141978.13396664197,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 67.85105346122909,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 38.30368816120115,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.847892763507048,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 451881.88353634713,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 57055331.6603592,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 59.09090909090909,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 48.00316069772204,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.8834,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.5169,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7920064091929638,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6893505458105085,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 59.39664285144466,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 31,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 4458.47,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.139327579375485,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99492124617709,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151530,
        "corridor_rank": 50,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "FRA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 30,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 325040.88168752345,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 205843.8765978649,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 1162026.4063371494,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 750306.4560921369,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 431855.51031880686,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 42.22675895383456,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 39.344139312755225,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 10.944373816482944,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3008179.3113002977,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 81665031.6561735,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 51.724137931034484,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 31.282385137351618,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -6.4962,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 10.114,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 44.8276,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.3980172114008504,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.22299869612898793,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 95.02220225541234,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 33,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 9034.06,
        "distance_km": 1054.6563720703125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 2.592975960354757,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.7832947799747,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Current trade remains more than 50% below its historical peak",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','unrecovered_drawdown','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151530,
        "corridor_rank": 79,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 23,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 114944.09005129102,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 42045.0244913434,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 112992.56861511985,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 95934.92332981655,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 71351.46185738438,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 40.44477337892176,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 22.082756590717167,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 24.050465040788293,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 123142.57827821057,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 16166793.802391145,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 54.54545454545455,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 16.394308338133467,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 19.5534,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.1673,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 0.710988780188996,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -0.19965025910782552,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 90.90810372860037,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 8275.97,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 0.9365981476865166,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.7395055904111,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "The buyer market is concentrated among relatively few suppliers",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 151530,
      "num_markets": 89,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "ECU",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 184000,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "TZA",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 44.854881266490764,
      "median_price_across_markets": 2989.11440052902,
      "price_spread_pct": 6154.168776082199,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 13.727726618705036,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 12378070
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 681285.4905115919,
        "active_destinations": 41,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 69.02884196731603
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 1183919.1515899478,
        "active_destinations": 42,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 73.7772443533059
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 1092238.5953236541,
        "active_destinations": 44,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -7.743819005138226
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 1027579.7591008403,
        "active_destinations": 48,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -5.919845398216677
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 1161202.1764316568,
        "active_destinations": 47,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 13.003605427936774
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 1195196.2288920353,
        "active_destinations": 46,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 2.9274878354810974
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 1548932.0729904368,
        "active_destinations": 53,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 29.596465881282096
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 2125865.650876662,
        "active_destinations": 51,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.2471839111945
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 2467317.8384835133,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 16.0617952252083
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 1994479.300897268,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -19.164070806413243
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 1961818.8657181584,
        "active_destinations": 55,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -1.6375419471346002
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 1595509.6092102937,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -18.671920374961363
      },
      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 4906702.9983218815,
        "active_destinations": 61,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 207.53202425089006
      },
      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 1727734.1257409803,
        "active_destinations": 65,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -64.7882880555054
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 2814698.1217675842,
        "active_destinations": 64,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 62.912688927784735
      }
    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "151530",
    "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: castor oil and its fractions, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
    "hs_chapter": 15,
    "hs_heading": 1515
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 151530,
      "corridor_rank": 34,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 30,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 853788.8240855727,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 85344.91257521749,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 495852.8269589062,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 309150.3632127777,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 189149.2561938785,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 177.42922127907215,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 25.373073577579607,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 39.16926867447725,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 853788.8240855727,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 38731863.86279391,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 55.172413793103445,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 138.2599526045949,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 7.515,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.6502,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 2.2043577017364457,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 1.338006937272898,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 32.68644895728836,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
      "supplier_count_latest": 23,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2343.52,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.9602267969124825,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.34279483226909,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
      "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
    },
    {
      "hs_code": 151530,
      "corridor_rank": 44,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "DEU",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 23,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 451881.88353634713,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 81680.18294241134,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 192710.36526459444,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 164985.30568759522,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 141978.13396664197,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 67.85105346122909,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 38.30368816120115,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 19.847892763507048,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 451881.88353634713,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 57055331.6603592,
      "historical_peak_year": 2024,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 59.09090909090909,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": 48.00316069772204,
      "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -7.8834,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 9.5169,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 0.7920064091929638,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": 0.6893505458105085,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 59.39664285144466,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IND",
      "supplier_count_latest": 31,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 4458.47,
      "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.139327579375485,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.99492124617709,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
      "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
      "confidence_label": "High",
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}