{
  "template": "T3",
  "templateName": "Product Exporter Position Profile",
  "source": "api",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "Yugalinks",
    "url": "https://www.yugalinks.com"
  },
  "canonical": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/151329",
  "links": {
    "product": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/product/151329",
    "exporter": "https://www.yugalinks.com/trade/exporter/esp/151329",
    "methodology": "https://www.yugalinks.com/methodology"
  },
  "methodology": {
    "summary": "Reported exporter totals are combined with destination, price, history, and country-context observations. Growth, concentration, weighted share, volatility, drawdown, and price-position values are calculated indicators rather than additional reported trade.",
    "reportedValues": "Merchandise trade observations for an exporter, HS6 product, destination market, and available year.",
    "destinations": "Destination rows are ranked by latest observed exporter-lane value.",
    "prices": "Unit values are reported trade value divided by reported quantity where quantity is positive.",
    "missingData": "Missing values are shown as Not reported and are not imputed."
  },
  "exporter": {
    "hs_code": "151329",
    "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
    "first_data_year": 1995,
    "latest_data_year": 2024,
    "observed_lane_count": 81,
    "current_lane_count": 23,
    "active_market_count": 23,
    "exports_latest_observed_lanes_usd": 25725394.441381533,
    "exports_current_2024_usd": 25287181.345228355,
    "exports_avg_3y_usd": 24498271.05448991,
    "exports_avg_5y_usd": 18328520.594007842,
    "exports_avg_10y_usd": 13022690.655199684,
    "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 26.51673538031045,
    "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 44.88320842404894,
    "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 21.39909241044804,
    "exports_all_year_lane_avg_usd": 7606816.799529342,
    "exports_historical_lane_peak_usd": 34637823.43024792,
    "historical_peak_year": 2024,
    "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 65.51724137931035,
    "trend_acceleration_pct": 5.117642969862409,
    "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
    "top_market_iso3": "ITA",
    "top_market_exports_usd": 7329601.026167726,
    "top_market_share_pct": 28.491695405756058,
    "destination_hhi": 1831.4473267196556,
    "weighted_share_latest_pct": 27.375442897906883,
    "weighted_share_change_1y_pp": 1.3414008627203158,
    "weighted_volatility_cv": 1.511129847692956,
    "weighted_max_drawdown_pct": 97.18590161721379,
    "limited_history_lane_share_pct": 61.72839506172839,
    "data_freshness_years": 0,
    "coverage_score": 81.5,
    "confidence_label": "High",
    "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:28:41",
    "source": "api",
    "product": {
      "hs_code": 151329,
      "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: palm kernel or babassu oil and their fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
      "hs_chapter": 15,
      "hs_heading": 1513,
      "substitution_elasticity": -13.458585,
      "price_range_label": "Medium price range",
      "trade_type_label": "One-way trade"
    },
    "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: palm kernel or babassu oil and their fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
    "hs_chapter": 15,
    "hs_heading": 1513,
    "destinations": [
      {
        "hs_code": 151329,
        "corridor_rank": 44,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "ITA",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 26,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7329601.026167726,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2709575.3714013104,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9314467.715136105,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7542174.222874718,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5968474.484846996,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.598419345450937,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.083343802609143,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.978624458735908,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11207306.574060256,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 33474807.9382099,
        "historical_peak_year": 2022,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.38020511328497,
        "trend_label": "Growing",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.8805,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.9748,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 21.895871784230124,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": -5.6759163918144,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 31.465353693626046,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IDN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 16,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 2021.69,
        "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.1313693070029884,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.96684635868793,
        "attention_level": "Watch",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151329,
        "corridor_rank": 49,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "BEL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 17,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 5999849.875749821,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 1266206.1006544176,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 5782187.315268204,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 3852914.40984792,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 2136945.7098898306,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 59.015755895011914,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 68.67913585920533,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 64.90862570989773,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 7316903.08257989,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 24382136.279389367,
        "historical_peak_year": 2023,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 56.25,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -5.89286981488582,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -39.9837,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 23.8038,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 52,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 24.607564353668206,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 6.5971173330868815,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 42.82985183289652,
        "peer_top_exporter": "MYS",
        "supplier_count_latest": 15,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3276.39,
        "distance_km": 1316.64013671875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7371660594605047,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.5374066673402,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Growing",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151329,
        "corridor_rank": 59,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "DEU",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 18,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 3944022.1934563094,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 697753.445485963,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 3308391.4946959703,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 2420208.6458227537,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 1244642.6113090501,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 22.888671730512968,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 138.27227128755212,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 196.24547776793185,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 3944022.1934563094,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 65627150.9822346,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 52.94117647058823,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": -173.3568060374189,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -13.9219,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 22.0818,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 55.1724,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.009741599972797,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 2.663088069421378,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 47.85623711862641,
        "peer_top_exporter": "IDN",
        "supplier_count_latest": 24,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3127.32,
        "distance_km": 1479.33154296875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.8386823600309186,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 99.87789580822141,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151329,
        "corridor_rank": 80,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "GBR",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 9,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1582639.179673087,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 296361.78720573784,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 887168.517526811,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 665557.4523288365,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 443923.4807963276,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1197.666590428382,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 482.34943289575784,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 150.22939994857794,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1582639.179673087,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 21014004.02640465,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 62.5,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 1047.437190479804,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 22.6211,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 8.4701,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 7.531354698916299,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.628951054198399,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 56.988509309321635,
        "peer_top_exporter": "NLD",
        "supplier_count_latest": 23,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3666.81,
        "distance_km": 1263.3787841796875,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
        "volatility_cv": 1.7056933357131236,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 92.88816787931759,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "Medium",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      },
      {
        "hs_code": 151329,
        "corridor_rank": 91,
        "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
        "importer_iso3": "POL",
        "latest_data_year": 2024,
        "lane_data_years": 19,
        "exports_latest_observed_usd": 1015091.6615514414,
        "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 80122.75566927223,
        "exports_avg_3y_usd": 425965.86363024614,
        "exports_avg_5y_usd": 271250.51051221753,
        "exports_avg_10y_usd": 150980.92322101467,
        "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 184.71300040309268,
        "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 66.89676215132536,
        "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 178.26328249256437,
        "exports_historical_peak_usd": 1015091.6615514414,
        "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 15845318.942641305,
        "historical_peak_year": 2024,
        "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 72.22222222222223,
        "trend_acceleration_pct": 6.449717910528307,
        "trend_label": "Rapid growth",
        "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": 13.4838,
        "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 66.0224,
        "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 68.9655,
        "market_share_latest_pct": 6.406255785863234,
        "market_share_change_1y_pp": 4.954491778928262,
        "peer_best_share_pct": 51.77973740463631,
        "peer_top_exporter": "DEU",
        "supplier_count_latest": 13,
        "buyer_market_hhi": 3586.48,
        "distance_km": 2293.0048828125,
        "has_reported_fta": 1,
        "applied_tariff_pct": 0.08183472355387879,
        "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.04607734616949498,
        "volatility_cv": 2.813303969987204,
        "max_drawdown_pct": 98.94707797091118,
        "attention_level": "High attention",
        "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
        "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility','concentrated_buyer_market','dominant_supplier']",
        "signal_flag": "Accelerating",
        "confidence_label": "High",
        "refreshed_at": "2026-07-20 09:30:25"
      }
    ],
    "priceSummary": {
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "hs_code": 151329,
      "num_markets": 44,
      "highest_price_importer_iso3": "MAR",
      "highest_price_usd_per_ton": 92666.66666666667,
      "lowest_price_importer_iso3": "BEL",
      "lowest_price_usd_per_ton": 845.9386226165985,
      "median_price_across_markets": 3372.85729883175,
      "price_spread_pct": 2722.3425098907637,
      "avg_quantity_metric_tons": 288.4654793388429,
      "total_trade_value_usd": 66342383
    },
    "history": [
      {
        "year": 2010,
        "export_value_usd": 2126437.3109900695,
        "active_destinations": 16,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -31.456395044345687
      },
      {
        "year": 2011,
        "export_value_usd": 2920103.7465237,
        "active_destinations": 15,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 37.32376362245542
      },
      {
        "year": 2012,
        "export_value_usd": 2662413.0711592785,
        "active_destinations": 13,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -8.82470959023956
      },
      {
        "year": 2013,
        "export_value_usd": 858093.1785049811,
        "active_destinations": 14,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -67.7700959403964
      },
      {
        "year": 2014,
        "export_value_usd": 3637022.8015135764,
        "active_destinations": 22,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 323.8494015125729
      },
      {
        "year": 2015,
        "export_value_usd": 7442052.150322363,
        "active_destinations": 20,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 104.61934270044424
      },
      {
        "year": 2016,
        "export_value_usd": 8816600.934605094,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 18.47002354348176
      },
      {
        "year": 2017,
        "export_value_usd": 10578672.838977564,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 19.985841680282377
      },
      {
        "year": 2018,
        "export_value_usd": 7785929.258927457,
        "active_destinations": 24,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -26.399753755122536
      },
      {
        "year": 2019,
        "export_value_usd": 3961048.3991251513,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": -49.12555370852674
      },
      {
        "year": 2020,
        "export_value_usd": 5660836.367657697,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 42.91257761222927
      },
      {
        "year": 2021,
        "export_value_usd": 12486953.438911784,
        "active_destinations": 27,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 120.58495649607607
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      {
        "year": 2022,
        "export_value_usd": 23168332.085566733,
        "active_destinations": 26,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 85.54030972334444
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      {
        "year": 2023,
        "export_value_usd": 25039299.732674647,
        "active_destinations": 25,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 8.075538800971687
      },
      {
        "year": 2024,
        "export_value_usd": 25287181.34522835,
        "active_destinations": 23,
        "yoy_growth_pct": 0.9899702276027921
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    ],
    "economy": {
      "year": 2024,
      "country_iso3": "ESP",
      "exports_usd": 389951601153.8226,
      "imports_usd": 440055603176.9493,
      "trade_balance_usd": -50104002023.12671,
      "yoy_exports_growth_pct": -3.8987656816749983,
      "yoy_imports_growth_pct": -1.8348334157975543,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 1.5602192255318448,
      "imports_cagr_3y_pct": 2.9666580306946244,
      "export_partner_hhi": 604.5825828475407,
      "export_product_hhi": 52.5584557740159,
      "momentum_score": -2.2610702095129454,
      "risk_score": 3.285705193107783,
      "gdp_million_usd": 1725671.6527421873,
      "gdp_per_capita_usd": 35326.76830692781,
      "population": 48848840,
      "labor_force": 22392.15,
      "investment_rate_pct": 24.25,
      "savings_rate_pct": 21.99,
      "secondary_education_pct": 88.05,
      "tertiary_education_pct": 30.02,
      "total_factor_productivity": 1788.25,
      "trade_openness_pct": 51.047299403937664,
      "exports_gdp_pct": 23.9828956101581,
      "num_active_partners": 270,
      "num_fta_partners": 108,
      "num_wto_partners": 169,
      "num_eu_partners": 28,
      "num_shared_border_partners": 5,
      "num_shared_language_partners": 24,
      "avg_partner_distance_km": 6746.572016460906,
      "avg_partner_gdp_million_usd": 533678518.3258193,
      "avg_partner_gdp_per_capita_usd": 15.774186170212769,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_days": null,
      "avg_buyer_biz_entry_cost_pct": null,
      "pct_partners_with_fta": 40,
      "pct_partners_shared_language": 8.88888888888889,
      "pct_partners_shared_border": 1.8518518518518516,
      "avg_applied_tariff_pct": 0.12805616369601883,
      "avg_mfn_tariff_pct": 0.13052375531925525,
      "avg_preferential_tariff_pct": 0.02478492349129115,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0.1057388318279641,
      "avg_distance_all_partners_km": 6704.091347253092,
      "num_border_partners": 75,
      "num_colonial_partners": 605,
      "avg_substitution_elasticity": -10.891699057348575,
      "pct_products_high_elasticity": 75.94907407407408,
      "pct_products_low_elasticity": 2.662037037037037,
      "real_market_potential": 214756.4728280517,
      "foreign_market_potential": 15747.12902462019
    },
    "countryMap": {}
  },
  "product": {
    "hs_code": "151329",
    "hs_description": "Vegetable oils: palm kernel or babassu oil and their fractions, other than crude, whether or not refined, but not chemically modified",
    "hs_chapter": 15,
    "hs_heading": 1513
  },
  "destinations": [
    {
      "hs_code": 151329,
      "corridor_rank": 44,
      "exporter_iso3": "ESP",
      "importer_iso3": "ITA",
      "latest_data_year": 2024,
      "lane_data_years": 26,
      "exports_latest_observed_usd": 7329601.026167726,
      "exports_all_year_avg_usd": 2709575.3714013104,
      "exports_avg_3y_usd": 9314467.715136105,
      "exports_avg_5y_usd": 7542174.222874718,
      "exports_avg_10y_usd": 5968474.484846996,
      "exports_cagr_3y_pct": 9.598419345450937,
      "exports_cagr_5y_pct": 21.083343802609143,
      "exports_cagr_10y_pct": 20.978624458735908,
      "exports_historical_peak_usd": 11207306.574060256,
      "buyer_imports_latest_observed_usd": 33474807.9382099,
      "historical_peak_year": 2022,
      "positive_growth_year_share_pct": 60,
      "trend_acceleration_pct": -11.38020511328497,
      "trend_label": "Growing",
      "buyer_yoy_latest_pct": -1.8805,
      "buyer_yoy_all_avg_pct": 11.9748,
      "buyer_trend_consistency_pct": 62.069,
      "market_share_latest_pct": 21.895871784230124,
      "market_share_change_1y_pp": -5.6759163918144,
      "peer_best_share_pct": 31.465353693626046,
      "peer_top_exporter": "IDN",
      "supplier_count_latest": 16,
      "buyer_market_hhi": 2021.69,
      "distance_km": 1366.760498046875,
      "has_reported_fta": 1,
      "applied_tariff_pct": 0,
      "tariff_advantage_pp": 0,
      "volatility_cv": 1.1313693070029884,
      "max_drawdown_pct": 99.96684635868793,
      "attention_level": "Watch",
      "primary_risk_reason": "Trade has varied substantially across reported years",
      "risk_driver_labels": "['high_volatility']",
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